Ancestors of Anne (Marbury) Hutchinson

Generation One

1. ANNE MARBURY

Generation Two

2. REVEREND FRANCIS MARBURY (bp. 1555–l611) (William, Robert, William, John)

Francis Marbury was baptized on 27 October 1555 at St. Pancras, Soper Lane in London. The parish register refers to him as Frances Marburie, the son of William Marburie, gentleman.[1] Francis died between 25 January and 14 February 1610/1. He married first Elizabeth Moore. He married second Bridget Dryden.[2]

Francis inherited a small annuity from his father of five marks per year during his mother’s life and ten pounds per year after her death. He also inherited 20 nobles, books and a gold ring. [3]

Francis grew up in Elizabethan England. He was taught Latin and Greek and in May 1571 he matriculated as a pensioner (commoner) at Christ College, Cambridge. However, it appears that he never received a degree. Probably about 1575, he wrote the play The Marriage Between Wit and Wisdom, which survives. [4]

On 7 January 1577/8 Francis was ordained deacon and licensed to preach in Northamptonshire. A few months later the plague broke out in London and this coincided with suppression of non-conforming clergy.[5] Francis complained about the quality of the existing priests and was temporarily incarcerated on two occasions, ordered to keep away from Northampton—an order he disobeyed—and was brought before the High Commission presided over by John Aylmer, the Bishop of London, in the Consistory in St. Paul’s on 5 November 1578. Francis wrote a transcript of the proceedings from memory:[6]

Bishop: Merburie, where were you since your last enlargement?

Marbury: At Northampton.

Bishop: That was the place wither you were speciallie forbidden to goe, for there you did all the harm.

…

Bishop: The proposition is false, if it were in Cambridge, it would be hissed out of the schools.

Marbury: Then you had need to hire hissers.

…

Bishop: Thou are a very Asse, thou art madde, thou are courageous, nay thou art impudent, by my troth I think he be mad, he careth not for no bodie.

Marbury: Sir, I take exception against swearing Judges, I prayse God I am not mad, but sory to see you so out of temper.

…

Bishop: Thou art an overthwart proude puritan knave …

Marbury. I am not puritan, I beseech you bee good to mee, I have been twice in prison, but I know not why.

The exasperated bishop ordered him thrown in jail with the Catholics, “Have him to the Marshal sea, there shall he cope with the Papists.” [7]

After this unfortunate start to his career, Francis earned a small salary as the chaplain and master of the grammar school at Alford, a small market town not far from his family’s home in Girsby. In 1589 he relinquished this job and devoted himself to lecturing, probably receiving a modest stipend of 20 pounds a year as a lecturer at the Alford church.[8] Apparently things did not go entirely smoothly and on 15 October 1590 he wrote to Sir William Cecil, First Baron Burghley, the chief advisor of Queen Elizabeth, “… humbly acknowledging my special unmeetnes thus to venture toward such a personage.” He says that he “is not advised that I delivered any unsound doctrine.” But complains that he had “yet been inhibited for causes to me utterly unknown … both cause and accusers are concealed.” [9]

Francis was referred to as simply Francis Marbury in early records pertaining to him in Alford. In later records he is described as a gentleman. The last record pertaining to him at Alford was on 20 January 1604/5.[10] Sometime shortly after that he left for London and his fortunes turned.

Francis was presented to the Rectory of St. Martin Vintry in London on 28 October 1605, where he served until his death. On 29 February 1607/8 he was presented to the Rectory of St. Pancras, Soper Lane, but resigned before his successor was appointed on 31 January 1609/10. On 15 January 1609/10 he was presented to the Rectory of St. Margaret, New Fish Street, which he held until his death.[11] These livings left Francis a man of substance. However, a commentator observed[12]

Marbury’s extant sermons, while generally felicitously expressed and occasionally rhetorically splendid, do not suggest that he possessed either a notable oratorical talent or a particularly subtle mind.

Francis Marbury, preacher and parson of St. Martin Vintry, made his nuncupative will on 25 January 1610/1. He left each of his twelve children 200 marks (for a total of 1,600 pounds) and his eldest daughter Susan, ten pounds more. He refers to his wife Bridget. Bridget proved his will on 14 February 1610/1.[13]

The papers of the antiquarian Randall Holme in the British Museum contain a draft of a letter from Holme to Mr. Stephen Marbury of Dublin—son of Francis Marbury, goldsmith of London, deceased, and grandson of Mr. Marbury, parson of Walbrook in London—who had requested particulars of his family. Holme says that Parson Marbury had 20 children. He had a son Thomas, who was a doctor in London and daughters who had married Unknown Twyford, Unknown Skynner of London and Unknown Child, a preacher. [14]

3. BRIDGET DRYDEN (d. 1644/5) (John, David, William)

Bridget was the daughter of John Dryden, Esq. of Canons Ashby and Elizabeth Cope. She was the sister of Sir Erasmus Dryden, knight and baronet.[15] She was underage at her father’s death in 1584.[16] She died between 12 February 1644 and 2 April 1645. She married first Francis Marbury.

After Francis’s death Bridget resided as a widow in the parish of St. Peter, Paul’s Wharf in London. But, in or shortly after December 1620 she married Reverend Thomas Newman.[17]

Bridget wrote her will on 12 February 1644 and it was proved on 2 April 1645. She calls herself Bridget Dryden, sometime heretofore the wife of Francis Marbury of St. Martins in the Vintry and presently the wife of Thomas Newman of Berkhamsted, St. Peter [in Hertfordshire]. She refers to an indenture agreed upon in December 1620 before her second marriage with the consent of her brother Mr. Thomas Dryden. She also refers to her son Anthony Marbury and his children Elizabeth, Charles and Katherine; Susan Marbury and her brother Thomas; her daughter Mary and Mary’s daughters Bridget and Mary; and Elizabeth Saunders. [18]

Children of Francis Marbury and Elizabeth Moore, births and burials recorded in Alford:[19]

i. Mary Marbury was buried on 29 December 1585.

ii. Susan Marbury was baptized on 12 September 1585. She married Unknown Twyford of Shropshire. [20] She died after 15 January 1610/1.

iii. Elizabeth Marbury was buried on 4 June 1601.

Children of Francis Marbury and Bridget Dryden. The baptisms of all but the first of the first twelve children and the burials of the first Bridget and first Anthony are recorded in Alford. [21] The baptisms of the last three children were probably recorded at St. Martin Vintry, but these records were lost in the 1666 fire of London.

iv. Mary Marbury was probably born about 1588. She died after 12 February 1644. She married first Bartholomew Layton of London by 1611. She married second Joseph Skynner on 27 December 1624 at St. Mary Woolnoth. [22] Their marriage record says, “Joseph Skynner of Abchurch and Mary Layton, widow, of St. Edmund the King, Lombard Street, by license.” [23]

v. John Marbury was baptized on 15 February 1589/90. His father left bequests to 12 of his children and they are accounted for, thus, John probably died young.

vi. Anne Marbury was baptized on 20 July 1591. She was killed by Indians in August 1643 in New York.

Anne’s baptism record

The marriage registers of St. Mary Woolnoth say, “1612: Aug. 9, William Hutchinson of Alford, co. Lincoln, mercer, and Anne daughter of Francis Marbury, Minister, by license.”[24]

vii. Bridget Marbury was baptized on 8 May 1593. She was buried on 15 October 1598.

viii. Francis Marbury was baptized on 20 October 1594. Francis Marbury, goldsmith, was buried on 28 March 1638 at St. Mary Woolnoth. He married first Judith Unknown. Judith, the wife of Francis Marbury was buried on 26 February 1628 at St. Mary Woolnoth. Francis married second Elizabeth Burton, of Epping, county Essex on 9 February 1629/30 at St. Mary Woolnoth.[25]

ix. Emme Marbury was baptized on 21 December 1595. She married John Saunders on 9 March 1613/[4?] at St. Peter’s, Paul’s Wharf.[26]

x. Erasmus Marbury was baptized on 15 February 1596/7.

Erasmus matriculated at Brasenose College, Oxford, on 12 April 1616, age 19 [27] He died in 1627.[28] He was a fellow of Brasenose in 1617 and received his MA in1619. [29] To be admitted to an MA the student was required to ask the Chancellor and Vice Chancellor to call a Congregation in which the student might be admitted. A ceremony, known as a circuitus et visitation had to be done first. The day before the Congregation the student, dressed in academic robes but bareheaded, had to call on three university officials and this had to be completed by sundown the day before. In July 1619 Erasmus Marbury was allowed to count his circuitus, done two days before, as if it had been done the day before.[30]

xi. Anthony Marbury was baptized on 21 September 1598. He was buried on 9 April 1601.

xii. Bridget Marbury was baptized on 25 November 1599. She may be the daughter who is said to have married Reverend Child.

xiii. Jeremuth Marbury was baptized on 31 March 1601.

Jeremuth matriculated at Brasenose College, Oxford, on 11 June 1619, age 18.

xiv. Daniel Marbury was baptized on 14 September 1602. Daniel, the son of “Widdowe Murbery” was buried on 19 September 1611 at St. Peter, Paul’s Wharf, “in the churchyard at the furder end by the bones.”[31]

xv. Elizabeth Marbury was baptized on 20 January 1604/5. Elizabeth, the daughter of “Mr. Marbery, preacher, disesed” was buried on 9 March 1613/4 at St. Peter’s, Paul’s Wharf, “in the churchyard, coffined.” [32]

xvi. Anthony Marbury was born about 1608.

Anthony matriculated at Brasenose College, Oxford on 20 October 1626, age 18. He was the administrator for his mother’s will on 2 April 1645.

xvii. Thomas Marbury was said to be a doctor in London.

xviii. Katherine Marbury died on 2 May 1687 in Newport, Rhode Island. She married Richard Scott on 7 June 1632. Richard, the son of Edward Scott, was baptized in 1605 in Glemsford, county Suffolk. He died in 1679/80 in Providence. [33]

Richard and Katherine probably came to Boston with the Hutchinson party on the Griffin in 1634. They moved to Ipswich and Providence, where Richard is said to have been the first Quaker.[34] On 16 January 1638 Governor Winthrop wrote, “At Providence things grow worse; for a sister of Mrs. Hutchinson, the wife of one Scott, being infected with Anabaptistry, and going to live in Providence … .”[35] Katherine was whipped in Boston in 1658.[36]

Generation Three

4. WILLIAM MARBURY, ESQ. (c. 1524/5–1561) (Robert, William, John)

William Marbury was born about 1524/5. He died in 1561.[37]

William Marbury, Esq. was of the hamlet of Girsby in the parish of Burgh-upon-Bain (about 15 miles northwest of Alford) in Lincolnshire. He married Agnes, the daughter of John Lenton, Esq.[38]

William was his parents’ only child. [39] In Easter 1544 he matriculated as a fellow-commoner (a rank of student above a commoner but below a nobleman) at Pembroke College, Cambridge. In 1545, he inherited his father’s estate and married shortly thereafter. It appears that never finished his degree.[40]

The manor of Girsby was in the uplands of the wolds, a few miles west of Louth on the road from Lincoln. William probably spent most of his life there: “a prosperous country squire, careful to preserve and add to his estates, and maintain friendly connections with the local gentry and his London relatives.” [41]

A nineteenth-century commentator wrote[42]

The Marburys were an ancient family in Lincolnshire, but never prominent in public life, nor did any of them ever rise to a higher dignity than that of an ordinary knighthood, and even that in only two instances. At this period their fortunes, never very extensive, were on the wane, and after two or three more generations, the scions of the family, abandoning all pretensions, threw themselves into the ranks of the various professions and trades.

William’s will is dated 26 January 1580/1. It was proved on 16 November 1581.[43] He left bequests to the poor students at Oxford and Cambridge, his son Francis, his daughters Mary and Katherine, his daughter (Anne Blox)holme, his wife Agnes, his second son Edward and his eldest son William.[44]

5. AGNES LENTON (prob. c. 1524–1581) (John, Thomas, John)

Agnes, the wife of William Marbury, was the daughter of John Lenton of “Old Wynkill” (Aldwinkle). [45] She was probably born about 1524. She died in 1581.[46]

Children of William Marbury and Agnes Lenton, the order of the daughters uncertain:

i. Robert Marbury was born in June 1545 at the house of his grandfather John Lenton. He probably died by 26 January 1580/1.

William’s father Robert Marbury disinherited William’s eldest son Robert, who was probably impaired in some way. He was probably dead by the time his father wrote his will.

ii. William Marbury died after 26 January 1580/1 without leaving children. [47]

iii. Sir Edward Marbury was born about 1552. He was buried on 5 July 1605 in Louth. He married Mary, the daughter of John Welcome of Lincoln on 11 June 1582 at St. Mary Wigford, Lincoln.[48]

Edward was knighted by James I at Whitehall on 23 July 1603. He was High Sheriff of Lincolnshire in 1604. [49]

iv. Francis Marbury (#2) was baptized on 27 October 1555 at St. Pancras, Soper Lane in London. He died between 25 January and 14 February 1610/1. He married first Elizabeth Moore. He married second Bridget Dryden.

v. Anne Marbury was baptized on 4 March 1556/7 at St. Pancras, Soper Lane. [50] She married William Broxholme of Lincoln City. [51]

vi. Mary Marbury married Thomas Middleton. [52]

vii. Katherine Marbury married Christopher Wentworth, gentleman, on 19 August 1583 at St. Peter at Gowts in the city of Lincoln. [53] Christopher was the son of William Wentworth of Waltham and Ellen Gilby.[54]

Katherine appears to be the grandmother of William Wentworth, Christopher Lawson and Christopher Helme who went to New Hampshire with John Wheelwright.[55]

6. JOHN DRYDEN, ESQ. (d. 1584) (David, William)

John Dryden died on 30 September 1584.[56] He married Elizabeth Cope, the daughter of Sir John Cope, knight. John’s eldest son Erasmus Dryden was created a baronet in 1619. Erasmus was the grandfather of the poet John Dryden.[57]

John came from Cumberland and settled at Canons Ashby.[58]

Canons Ashby is a small village in the Daventry district of Northamptonshire. It had all but disappeared by the fourteenth century due to land enclosures and the plague.[59]

Canons Ashby house

John Dryden acquired the Canons Ashby house when he married Elizabeth Cope in 1551 as a gift from his father-in-law. He added several rooms including the Great Dining Room, the Great Hall and the Kitchen to form a typical H-plan Elizabethan manor house. The Winter Parlor was completed in the 1580s. His son Sir Erasmus Dryden built the final north range to enclose a pebble court.[60] Today Canons Ashby is a British National Trust property. John left 2,400 pounds to be equally divided among his children when they came of age. [61]

The wardship and marriage of Margaret, the sister of John’s daughter-in-law Frances Wilkes, was granted by Queen Elizabeth in 1578 to Robert, Earl of Leicester, who sold it to John Dryden, who assigned it in 1579 to Sir William Catesby.[62]

7. ELIZABETH COPE (John, William, Alexander, William, John)

Elizabeth Cope was the daughter of Sir John Cope, knight. [63]

Children of John Dryden and Elizabeth Cope:

i. Sir Erasmus Dryden was born on 20 December 1553. He died on 22 May 1632 and was buried at Canons Ashby. He married Frances, the daughter of William Wilkes of Hodnell, Warwickshire. Frances was born about 1563 and she died in 1630.[64]

Erasmus was educated at Magdalen College, Oxford, served in Parliament, was jailed on two occasions and was knighted. He was created a baronet in 1619. His grandson John Dryden was poet laureate and royal historiographer to Charles II. [65]

ii. George Dryden, the second son of Sir John Dryden of Canons Ashby, married Dorothy Spencer, the sister of William Spencer, Esq. of Everdon, on 24 November 1561. She married second Gabriel Poultney of Misterton, county Leicester. [66]

iii. John Dryden

iv. Thomas Dryden consented to the indenture relating to his sister Bridget’s second marriage.

v. Nicholas Dryden married Mary Emyley, the daughter of Thomas Emyley, Esq. of Helmdon, on 14 July 1598.[67] Nicholas and Mary were the great-grandparents of Jonathan Swift, the author of Gulliver’s Travels.

vi. Elizabeth Dryden

vii. Bridget Dryden (#3) was underage at her father’s death in 1584. She died between 12 February 1644 and 2 April 1645. She married Francis Marbury.

viii. Emma Dryden married William Bury, Esq. of Grantham in Lincolnshire. Her daughter Bridget married Anne Marbury’s brother-in-law John Hutchinson. [68]

Generation Four

8. ROBERT MARBURY (d. 1545) (William, John)

Robert Marbury died on 7 August 1545 at Girsby.

Robert inherited Girsby, as well as extensive lands in Northamptonshire from his father. He also inherited lands in Northamptonshire from his uncle Robert Marbury in his will of 8 August 1514.

At the funeral of Henry VII in 1509 Robert was yeoman to Henry’s grandmother Lady Margaret Beaufort. In 1510 he was a yeoman usher of the Queen’s Chamber and had a grant to be feodary (that is, a person who holds an overlord’s land on condition of homage) of the duchy of Excester in Devon. In 1514 Robert Marbury, yeoman usher of the Queen’s Chamber, was feodary for life. In 1517 he was appointed sergeant at arms with a salary of 12 d. per day in consideration of his services to Queen Katherine. In 1536 his yearly wage as sergeant at arms in the Royal Household was unchanged.[69]

The Lincolnshire uprising of 1536

The Lincolnshire Uprising of 1 to 4 October 1536 was a brief protest by Roman Catholics against the establishment of the Church of England and the dissolution of the monasteries. It began in Louth, shortly after the closure of Louth Park Abbey, and spread to Horncastle, Market Rasen, Caistor and other nearby towns. The chancellor of the Bishop of Lincoln, ill at Killingbroke, was beaten to death by the mob. With the local gentry’s support, a mob of 40,000 protestors marched on Lincoln and took over the cathedral. The protest ended when the King threatened to send the forces of Charles Brandon, Duke of Suffolk. The vicar of Louth was hanged, drawn and quartered at Tyburn. Most of the other ringleaders were executed.

During the Lincolnshire uprising of October1536 it was reported that[70]

Madeson, with his brother John Madeson and both his sons, then went up to Castrefield to see the number of the rebellious and there met Sir Wm. Askew and Marbery the serjeant …

Sir Robert Kyrkham wrote in a letter to Richard Cromwell, [71]

“Yesterday night late” he was at Stanforde with Sir William Parre and others when Marbery and Madyson, the kings servants came in, having escaped from the rebels who they say are 20,000.

It was further reported that[72]

… the said George sent one Edw. Kydwall to Sir Wm. Ascue to desire him to return to him and his company or he would be slain. Sir William accordingly came, and the said George gave him an oath upon a book to be true to God, the King, and the commons. Sir Edward Maddyson, John Maddyson, John Bowath and Mr. Merbery then came to said commons with the said Sir Wm. Ascue.

Robert wrote his will on 28 July 1545 and it was proved at the Prerogative Court of Canterbury on 28 September 1545. In his will he names his brother Thomas Merbury, his cosyn John Merbury and his “well beloved mother in law mistress Jane Woodfurth” his executors. He left his son William all his goods and land moveable and immovable. He disinherited Willam’s first son Robert, who had been born in June “at Old Wynkle in the house of his grandfather John Leynton, gentleman,” and perhaps had some obvious defect. [73]

A post mortem inquisition into the estate of Robert Marbury, taken on 15[?] October 1545 said that he died on 7 August 1545 and that his son and heir was William. William was also the heir of his mother Katherine, the wife of Robert. The estate consisted of lands that Robert inherited from Anne Blount and four other tenements worth £6. 5s. 8d. [74] A second inquisition held on 28 October 1545 said that he died at Girsby. [75]

9. KATHERINE WILLIAMSON (d. 1525) (John, Alexander)

Katherine died on 11 August 1525.[76]

She held lands in Leake and Hemingby. [77]

The post mortem inquisition on the estate of Katherine Marbury was held at Horncastle on 12 June 1526. The lands she held were the ones held by her father John Williamson. The inquiry states that she and her husband Robert had a son William who was about the age of one and that Robert was still living. [78]

Children of Robert Marbury and Katherine Williamson:

i. William Marbury (#3) was born about 1524/5. He died in 1561. He married Agnes Lenton.

10. JOHN LENTON, ESQ. (1481–1558) (Thomas, John)

John Lenton was born by 1481. He inherited Lenton’s Manor in Woodford from his father Thomas Lenton in 1505. It was inherited by John’s son Robert in 1558/[/9?].[79]

John inherited the manor of Aldwinkle from his father Thomas. [80] He was described as Thomas’s son and heir, age 24 or more in his father’s post mortem inquisistion. [81]

The manor of Aldwinkle, with appurtenances in Aldwinkle and Woodford was conveyed to John Lenton of Aldwinkle, Esq. for life, then to his son Robert and then to Robert’s younger son John by Sir Humphrey Stafford of Blatherwick, Giles Isham of Pytchley, Richard Darrington of Spaldwick, Thomas Mountford, clerk and John Pykeringe, gentleman on 20 June 1557.[82]

The post mortem inquiry on the estate of John Lenton, Esq. was held in Northampton on 3 November 1 Elizabeth [1559]. It was said that John died 2 January “ult”, presumably 1558/9.

Children of John Lenton:

i. Robert Lenton inherited Lenton’s Manor and the manor of Aldwinkle from his father John Lenton. [83]

ii. Agnes Lenton (#5) was probably born about 1524. She died in 1581. She married William Marbury.

14. SIR JOHN COPE (d. 1558) (William, Alexander, William, John)

Sir John Cope of Canons Ashby, Northamptonshire, was the son of William Cope. He died on 22 January 1558. He married first Bridget, the daughter of Sir. Edward Ralegh. [84] He married second Mary, the daughter of Nicholas Mallory and widow of Unknown Cave. He married third, before 28 November 1538, Margaret, the daughter of Sir Edward Tame, Kt. and widow of Humphrey Stafford. [85]

John Cope was a grazier and wool-producer in Northamptonshire. He sometimes went to Calais to conduct business. His surviving letters suggest that his life was taken up with his work and his family. However, he served for 15 years on the county bench and was an escheator. [86] He was sheriff of Northamptonshire in 1546. [87]

John frequently bought property between 1537 and his death and his most important acquisition was Canons Ashby, purchased from Sir Francis Bryan. [88]

Canons Ashby was once a village but it dwindled in size. In 1489 the prior of Canons Ashby enclosed 100 acres of land and converted it to pasture. In 1524 only 21 taxpayers remained and by 1535 only nine tenants paid rent to the priory.[89] During Henry VIII’s dissolution of the monasteries, the priory at Canons Ashby was dissolved. On 19 May 1536 the King’s Commissioners wrote to Cromwell, “We have exercised the King's commission at divers houses, viz., Chacumbe, Assheby, Catesby, Sewesley, and St. James's Abbey nigh Northampton.” On 20 June 1537 the house and suppressed priory, a windmill and all the lands, meadows and pastures were leased to Sir Francis Bryan. In October 1537, for a payment of £790 3s. 4d, he received unconditional ownership and also a grant of the church, belfry, churchyard and all of the groves and woods. On 28 November 1538 John Cope was given license to alienate the site of the late priory of Canons Ashby, a windmill and certain acres of land and fields to Anthony Cope, Thomas Cave, Humphrey Benton and their heirs, to the use of the said John and Margery his wife, and the “heirs male of the body of the said John,” and in default of such issue to the use of the said Anthony and the heirs male of his body and in default of such issue to the use of the right heirs of the said John. [90]

On 2 January 1543 John and his wife Margery and John Wilkens were granted a license to alienate the manor of Southfalley to Humphrey Benton and Lionel Moryson to be regranted to John Cope and John Wilkens and the heirs of John Cope. [91]

A letter from John to John Johnson, written on 1 December 1543, survives. The letter refers to his “brother Rawley’s daughter.” [92]

John received several favors from Cromwell and may have served in the Commons before Cromwell’s demise. It is also possible that he sat in Parliament afterwards. In 1544 he served in the French campaign culminating in the fall of Boulogne. He served in Edward VI’s first Parliament and was subsequently knighted. [93]

John was sheriff of Northamptonshire in December 1545. [94]

In 1547 Sir John Seyntlowe had a licence to sell his manors of Hodnell and Ascote, south of Ladbroke in Warwickshire, to John Cope. By an indenture dated 27 June 1 Edward VI (1547) between Sir John Syntlowe and John Coope of Coopesassheby alias Cannonsasshebye, esquire, John Coope granted pasture to Sir John in the manors of Hodnell, Old Hodnell and Ascott that Sir John had sold to him. It appears that Sir John Cope sold the manors to Thomas Wilkes in 1551, but probably because he had not gotten a license to alienate them they were taken into the hands of the Crown and granted in 1552 to Edward Fynes, Lord Clinton and Saye. John obtained a license to alienate the manors to Anthony Cope, who in 1554 joined with Sir John Cope, Mary Cope, widow, and others to convey the manors to Thomas Wilkes.[95]

Towards the end of his life, John became burdened with debt. [96]

Sir John Cope of Ashby made his will on 2 July 1557. He asked to be buried in the North Aisle of the Ashby Church if he died within 100 miles of it. He left Edward Cope, the son of his son and heir Erasmus Cope, deceased, his “great gilt standing cup with branches, which James King of Scots, amongst other things, gave to William Cope, my great-grandfather.” He said that he had already given lands in Berkshire, Warwick and Northampton to his son George Cope. He left his youngest son Anthony Cope his lands in Byfield in Northamptonshire and the lease of the farm of the rectory or parsonage of Woodford cum Hinton and Farndon in the same county and the lease of his house in Shoreditch. He also mentioned his wife Margaret; his daughters Elizabeth Dryden and Joan Cope; his late father William Cope. His will was proved on 20 May 1558. [97]

15. BRIDGET RALEGH (Edward, Edward, William, John)

Bridget, the wife of Sir John Cope, was the daughter of Edward Raleigh of Farnborough. [98]

Children of John Cope, order unknown:

i. Erasmus Cope married Mary, the daughter of John Hennage of Towse, county Lincoln, gentleman. [99]

ii. George Cope was buried in Trinity Church, Knight Rider Street, London. He married Dorothy, the daughter of Thomas Spencer of Everdon, Northamptonshire and his wife Dorothy, the daughter of Sir William Spencer of Althorpe. Dorothy married second Gabriel Pulteney of Pulteney in Leicestershire. [100]

iii. Anthony Cope died between 6 June and 20 December 1558, leaving no children. He married Eleanor Stafford.

Anthony Cope of Adston, Northamptonshire made his will on 6 June 1558. He asked to be buried near his father Sir John Cope in the Ashby church. He mentioned his wife Eleanor, the sister of Sir Humphrey Stafford and daughter of Dame Margaret Cope [his stepmother]; his brother George Cope; his brother-in-law John Dryden. [101]

iv. Elizabeth Cope (#7) married John Dryden.

v. Joan Cope married first Stephen Boyle of Kentish Town, county Middlesex, gentleman. [102] She married second Ferdinand Freckleton.[103]

Joan’s daughter Elizabeth Boyle married Edmund Spencer, the author of the Faerie Queene.

Generation Five

16. WILLIAM MARBURY, ESQ. (c. 1448/53 – 1506/13) (John)

William Marbury was born about 1448/53. He probably died shortly before 1 October 1508, but more certainly between 8 December 1506, when he was the Commissioner of the Peace for Rutland County, and 8 August 1513, when his brother wrote his will. He married Anne Blount, the daughter of Sir Thomas Blount. [104]

William acquired the manor of Girsby, Burgh-on-Bain, Lincolnshire when he married Anne Blount. [105]

In his will of 21 April 1473, John Stafford, Earl of Wiltshire and younger son of Humphrey, the Duke of Buckingham, made Sir Walter Blount, his wife Anne—Anne Neville, the widow of Humphry, Duke of Buckingham—and William Marbury the co-executors of his will. He asked William to be the guardian of his three-year-old son Edward. [106]

On 16 July 1494 a license fee was paid for Edward, the Earl of Wiltshire, to alienate the manor of Drayton, one acre excepted, to Guy Wolston, knight, Robert Wyttelbury, esquire, Thomas Welby, esquire, William Marbury, esquire, William Pemberton, esquire, William Felde, clerk and Thomas Mountagu, “gentilman.”[107]

Five years later the earl died and William, Robert Whittlebury, Esq. and Thomas Montague, gentleman, were co-executors of his will. William is referred to in the will as being enfeoffed of lands in Northamptonshire. [108]

As directed by the will of Edward, Earl of Wiltshire, a chantry, for two chaplains, was founded at Lowick with a licence obtained in 1498 for its endowment with lands to the yearly value of £13 6s. 8d. Robert Whittlebury, William Marbury and Thomas Montague acquired the manor of Culworth that year, with a messuage and eight acres of wood in Lowick held of the abbot of Peterborough.[109]

From 1499 William received and held the profits and income of the manors of Drayton and Lowick.[110]

At various times William was Commissioner of the Peace for the counties of Leicester, Lincoln, Northampton and Rutland. [111]

17. ANNE BLOUNT (d. 1537) (Thomas, Thomas, Walter, John, Walter, William)

Anne Blount died on 20 November 1537. [112] She was the daughter of Sir Thomas Blount and the niece of Sir Walter Blount, First Lord Mountjoy. [113]

The inquisition into the estate of Anne Marbury, widow, was taken on 14 March 1537/8 in Boston, Lincolnshire. Anne had inherited land from her brother Robert Blount, Esq. She left land with an annual rental value of £15 .10s .10d. to her son and heir Robert Marbury, Esq. [114]

Children of William Marbury and Anne Blount: [115]

i. Thomas Marbury married first Agnes, the daughter of John Lynn of Northamptonshire and second Mrs. Helen Hulton. He was a haberdasher of London. [116]

ii. Humphrey Marbury was a priest of Pleshy, Essex. [117]

iii. John Marbury was apparently a priest.

iv. Lawrence Marbury married a daughter of Unknown Williamson of Lincolnshire. He was a citizen and draper of London. [118]

v. Robert Marbury (#8) died on 7 August 1545 at Girsby. He married Katherine Williamson.

vi. Mary Marbury married Unknown Burton.

vii. Anne Marbury

viii. Elizabeth Marbury married Unknown Goldsmith.

ix. Jane Marbury married Unknown Neville.

x. Margaret Marbury was a nun. [119]

18. JOHN WILLIAMSON (d. 1513) (Alexander)

John Williamson died on 24 March 1512/3. In his father’s post mortem inquisition he was referred to as his son and heir. The post mortem says that his heir is his daughter Katherine. [120]

19. JANE ANGEVINE (Michael)

Jane (sometimes called Joan) Angevine married first John Williamson. She married second William Woodfurth (or Woodford). William died on 4 April 1530. He is said to have married first Anne Bingham. [121]

Michael Angevine had a daughter Jane who married first John Williamson and married second William Woodford. [122]

William Woodfurth left an annuity to his wife Jane with remainders to his “cosyn” John Angevine.[123]

In his will, Robert Marbury named his well beloved mother-in-law Jane Woodfurth as one of his executors. [124]

i. Katherine Williamson (#9) died on 11 August 1525. She married Robert Marbury.

20. THOMAS LENTON (d. 1505) (John)

Thomas Lenton died on 20 December 1504.

The Lentons were an ancient family in Northamptonshire. John Lenton held Lenton’s Manor in the parish of Woodford in Northamptonshire before 1332. The manor consisted of a messuage and a carucate—a medieval unit of land equal to the amount a team of eight oxen could till in an annual season—of land. Roger Lenton held the manor in 1428 and he was apparently still the tenant in 1455. Thomas Lenton, who was said to be “probably” Roger’s grandson, died in possession of the manor in 1505. [125]

Thomas Lenton was the cousin of William Aldewyncle. In a 1472 record he is described as his second cousin, the son of John Lenton and grandson of Elizabeth, the sister of William Tychemershe: [126]

Thomas Lenton, kinsman and heir of William Aldewyncle deceased, to wit son and heir of John Lenton son of Elizabeth sister of William Tychemersshe, father of John father of William Aldewyncle deceased, to Richard Chamberleyne esquire, his heirs and assigns. Demise and quitclaim of the manors of Northreston, Southreston, Gayton, Eulemersshe and Wynthorpe co. Lincoln, and of all rents and services therein, as well of the manors of Swaffham Priors co. Cambridge and Cotes, Ryngstede, Denford and Raundys co. Northampton, and in the parish of All Saints the Great in London and rents etc. therein. Dated 6 February, 11 Edward IV [1472].

Thomas Lenton (as above), to Richard Chamberleyne and Sibyl his wife, their heirs and assigns. Demise and quitclaim of the manors of Pettesho, Ekeney and Emberton co. Buckingham, and of Tyllesworthe and Stanbrygge co. Bedford, with all rents, reversions and services therein. Dated (as above).

After William Aldwinkle died, his widow Elizabeth married second William Chambre. She died on 10 June 1490 and the post mortem inquisition on her estate says that Thomas is the son of John, grandson of William and great-grandson of Margaret, the sister of William Tychemersh. [127]

One William Aldewyncle, esq., being seised of the under-mentioned lands [Six messuages, 300a. land, 40a. meadow, and 80a. wood, called ‘Southawe,’ ‘Boughtwood,’ ‘Phillypis,’ ‘Sale,’ ‘Oxonhaw,’ and ‘Collyswode,’ and 100a. pasture in Aldewyncle, worth 10 marks, held of the Lord de Roos, service unknown] in fee, enfeoffed Richard Pittes the elder thereof to the use of his last will; and by his last will, dated 27 Aug., A.D. 1463, directed that the said Elizabeth his wife should have the premises for the term of her life, with remainder to Thomas Lenton, his cousin and heir, viz. son of John, son of William, son of Margaret, sister of William Tychemersh, father of John, father of him the said William Aldewyncle, to hold to the said Thomas Lenton, his heirs and assigns for ever. In accordance with the said will the said Richard Pittes after the testator’s death gave the premises to the said Elizabeth for the term of her life, with remainder to Richard Burton, esq., otherwise called Richard Pyttes the younger, John Chaumbre, clk., and John Chaumbre, rector of Tychemersh, to the use of the said Thomas Lenton and his heirs. She died 10 June last. John Dutton, esq., aged 50 and more, is her brother and heir.

The post mortem inquisition on the estate of Thomas Lenton, gentleman, who had died on 20 December 20 was held on 28 June Henry VII [1505]. Thomas’s heir was his son John, age 24 and more. Thomas died seised of the manor of Aldwyncle and the following property there: a messuage and cottage, 40 acres of wood called Southay, 30 acres of wood called Oxonhawe, 10 acres of wood called Philipsale and a fishery, as well as the manor of Wodeford. [128]

Children of Thomas Lenton:

i. John Lenton (#10) was born by 1481. He died on 2 January 1558/9.

28. WILLIAM COPE, ESQ. (d. 1513) (Alexander, William, John)

William Cope, the son and heir of Alexander Cope of Bramshall, Hamptonshire and Dishenger, Northamptonshire was born about 1450.[129] William Cope married first Agnes, the daughter and heir of Sir Robert Harcourt of Stanton Harcourt, Oxfordshire.[130] He married second Jane, the daughter of John Spencer of Hodnell. [131]

Joseph Howard says the, “The most extraordinary confusion appears in the Heralds’ Visitations as regards the parentage and marriages of Sir William Cope the cofferer. No two visitations agree. This [the above] is from his tomb and from his will.”[132]

William was “said to have been in high favour with King Henry VII.” [133]

William was yeoman of the crown from 1485 to 1495 and a member of parliament for Ludgershall from 1491 to 1492. He was cofferer of the Household from 1495 to 1509. As cofferer of the Household he obtained land forfeited by Sir Simon Montford in 1498. He was justice of the peace of Surrey from 8 December 1501 until his death and justice of the peace of Oxfordshire from 1502 until his death. [134]

William received a grant of the manor of Wormleighton in 1498 and promptly enclosed 12 holdings, each of 20 acres of arable land and converted it into grazing for sheep. “This entailed the destruction of 12 messuages and 3 cottages and the eviction of 60 persons, who were reduced to tears and idleness and possibly starvation. On the other hand, the value of the land to Cope rose from £40 yearly to £60.” In 1506 William sold the manor to his wife Jane Spencer’s cousin John, son of William Spencer of Snitterfield.[135]

William may have lost his position as cofferer upon the death of King Henry VII, but he retained favor. He was the constable of Portchester in June 1509. He was keeper of the Bedhampton park in Hamptonshire in October 1509. He was keeper of the Guildford and Hanley parks in Surrey on 4 March 1510.[136]

In his will, proved on 24 May 1513, William Cope, Esq., asked to be buried at Banbury. He mentioned his sons Stephen, Anthony, William and John Cope. [137]

William died on 7 April 1513. The post mortem inquisition on the estate of William Coope, Esquire, was taken on 15 June, 5 Henry VIII [1513]. It was testified that at the request of William Coope that Humphrey Conyngesby, Justice of the Pleas, enfeoffed Richard Fowler, knight, Edward Chamberleyn, esquire, John Horn, esquire, John Spencer, esquire, Thomas Lanson, esquire, Thomas Haydocke, esquire, Gilbert Stoughton, gentleman, John Bustard, Thomas Barker of Stene and Thomas Bellat to hold four messuages and one garden situated in the parishes of St. Benedict and St. Peter in Thames Street next to Powleswarf, London to the use of William Coope and to fulfill his last will, dated 4 January, 3 Henry VIII [1512]. In his will William Coope declared that his son Stephen was to have the said premises. The premises were worth six pounds per annum. It was further testified that Stephen Coope, his son and heir, was “aged 40 years and more.”[138]

By his second wife, William had first a son Sir Anthony Cope, Kt. and second a son Sir John Cope, Kt.

Henry VII granted armes to William: Argent on a chevron azure between three roses gules as many fleurs-de-lis: impaling. Quarterly, 1 and 4, Gules, two bars or, for HARCOURT; 2 and 3, Quarterly argent and gules, on a bend sable three escallops argent, for SPENCER. His official arms were Three coffer-boxes. [139]

29. JANE SPENCER

Jane (Joan) was the daughter of John Spencer of Hodnell. [140] She died on 12 February 1525/6. She married as his second wife William Cope, Esq. of Hanwell. [141]

Children of William Cope and his first wife:

i. Stephen Cope was born by 1473.[142] He was Sargent of the Poultry in the Household of King Henry VIII. [143]

Children of William Cope and Joan Spencer:

ii. Sir Anthony Cope married Jane, the daughter of Matthew Crews of Pynne Devon.[144]

Anthony was vice-chamberlain to Queen Katherine (Parr). [145]

Anthony was a lineal descendant of John Cope [#224]. He was knighted by Edward VI. He was a Sheriff of Oxfordshire and Berkshire. He was “one of the most learned men of the era.” [146]

iii. William Cope was Esquire of the Body to Henry VIII. He was a Servitor at the coronation of Anne Boleyn. [147]

iv. Sir John Cope (#14) died on 22 January 1558. He married first Bridget Raleigh. He married second Mary Mallory. He married third Margaret Tame.

30. EDWARD RALEGH, ESQ. (d. 1508) (Edward, William, John)

Edward Raleigh of Farnborough was the son of Sir Edward Raleigh, knight, and the father of Bridget Farleigh who married Sir John Cope. [148] He died in 1508.

Edward married Anne Chamberlain, the daughter of Richard and Sybill (Fowler) Chamberlain between 1496 and 1505. [149]

Edward “seems to be” the Master Rawley, gentleman, to whom his wife’s grandmother Jane Fowler, left goods in 1505. [150]

Edward wrote his will on 25 August 1508 and it was proved in 1505. He names his wife Anne. [151]

31. ANNE CHAMBERLAIN (Richard)

Anne Chamberlain married second Ralph Fulshurst. He died in 1530. [152]

On 19 November 1513 Ralph Fulshurst was granted the wardship of George “kinsman and heir of Sir Edward Rawley, viz. son of Edward son of the late Sir Edward.” [153]

Children of Edward Ralegh and Anne Chamberlain:

i. George Ralegh died by 1546, when his will was proved. He married first Jane, the daughter of William Connysby, knight. He married second the widow of Sir Thomas Fitzgarethe. He married third Anne Erneley.

ii. Edward Ralegh d. s. p.

iii. Leonard Ralegh

iv. Anthony Ralegh d.s.p.

v. Thomas Ralegh married Maria Unknown.

vi. Bridget Ralegh (#15) married Sir John Cope.

vii. Margaret Ralegh married Richard Muskett.

viii. Mary Ralegh married Nicholas Wodhull as his first wife in 1507/8. Nicholas married second Elizabeth Parr. Mary was the mother of Anthony Wodhull, who was the father of Agnes Wodhull, who married Richard Chetwood. Agnes’s daughter Grace married Rev. Peter Bulkeley as his second wife and went to New England with him in 1635.

Generation Six

32. JOHN MARBURY, ESQ. (prob. d. 1460)

John Marbury probably died shortly before 22 October 1460 when a pardon was issued to the late John Marbury, Esq. of Cransley for not appearing before the justices of the Bench.[154] He married Eleanor Unknown.

John Marbury of Cransley, Northamptonshire was an armiger. [155]He was Sheriff of Northamptonshire in 1443.[156]

The Marbury family appears to originate in Cheshire. In 1220 Henry III confirmed the hamlet of Merebirie upon William de Mereburie. [157]

John was the father of Robert, Gentleman Usher to the Earl of Wiltshire for 25 years. [158] Robert Marbure made his will on 8 August 1514 and left land in Northamptonshire to his nephew Robert (the son of William). Robert also mentions his father John, his mother (perhaps Elianore), his brother Thomas, his brother William and his wife Anne and his nephew John, a priest. [159]

His son William founded a chantry at Culworth for the souls of “Johannis Marbury et Elianorae uxoris suae.” [160]

John of Cransley is probably John, the father of Robert and William because there was no other John Marbury in the Northamptonshire records. [161]

i. Robert Marbury died before 8 August 1514.

ii. William Marbury (#16) was born about 1448/53. He probably died shortly before 1 October 1508. He married Anne Blount.

34. SIR THOMAS BLOUNT (Thomas, Walter, John, Walter, William)

Sir Thomas Blount was perhaps born about 1348. He died in 1468. He married first Agnes Hawley about 1453. He married second Catherine, the daughter of Sir Gervase Clifton of Nottinghamshire.[162]

35. AGNES HAWLEY (d. 1462)

Agnes Hawley, the daughter and heir of her father John Hawley, died on 14 October 1462 and was buried in Burgh-on-Bain. She married first Robert Sutton of Lincoln. He died between 23 February 1451/2, when he made his will, and 3 April 1452, when it was proved in Lincoln. [163]

Ancestry of Agnes Hawley[164] Robert Hawley of Girsby (living in 1309) = Joan Unknown | Sir William Hawley, Knt. | Sir William Hawley, Knt., died between 16 June 1386, when he made his will in Bayonne, Gascony, and 3 November 1387, when it was proved in Nettleham, Lincolnshire | Sir Thomas Hawley, Knt., of Girsby = Margaret (living 10 January 1396/7) |
| John Hawley of Girsby, father of Agnes Hawley	| Eleanor Hawley = William Copledike of Harrington	| Agnes Hawley = Patrick Skipworth of Utterby, M.P. for Lincolnshire, 1427, 1433

Children of Sir Thomas Blount and Agnes Hawley:

i. Anne Blount (#17) died on 20 November 1537. She married William Marbury.

36. ALEXANDER WILLIAMSON (d. 1503)

Alexander Williamson died between13 January and 22 May 1503. He married Alice Unknown.

Alexander Williamson of Winceby, Lincolnshire, made his last will on 12 September 1500. There was a correction and memorandum on 23 November 1502 and a memorandum on 13 January 1503. It was proved at the Perogative Court of the Church of Christ Canterbury on 22 May 1503. He mentioned his wife Elyse or Alice; his sons John (the eldest), Robert, Philip and Edward, and his daughter Alice. All of his children were then unmarried.[165]

The post mortem inquisition for Alexander Williamson gives the date of his will and calls John Williamson his son and heir. [166]

i. John Williamson (#18) died on 24 March 1512/3. He married Jane Angevine.

ii. Robert Williamson

iii. Philip Williamson

iv. Edward Williamson

v. Alice Williamson

38. MICHAEL ANGEVINE, ESQ. (d. 1522)

Michael Angevine died on 20 March 1521/2. [167] He married Joan, the daughter of Thomas or John Towthby of Towthby. He was of Theddlethorpe and West Keal in Lincolnshire. [168]

The jurors at his post mortem inquisition in 14 Henry VIII [1522/3] said that he paid an annuity to his daughter Joan, the wife of William Woodford. [169]

Ancestry of Michael Angevine[170] William Angevine of Boston, Lincolnshire, goldsmith = Elizabeth Unknown, who along with Lawrence Moigne of Theddlethorpe was a claimant of the patronage of the Theddlethorpe church in 1380 . . . William Angevine of Theddlethorpe = Elizabeth or Katherine, daughter of Sir Andrew Leeke, Knt., of Boston |
| Richard Angevine = Margaret, daughter of John Bradstone	| John Angevine of Theddlethorpe = A daughter of Unknown Langholme |
	John Angevine of Theddlethorpe = A daughter of John Langholme | Bernard Angevine of Theddlethorpe, the father of Michael Angevine = Margaret, daughter of Patrick Skipwith of Utterby

i. Jane Angevine (#19) married John Williamson.

56. ALEXANDER COPE (William, John)

Alexander was the son of William Cope. [171] He was of Deanshanger, Northamptonshire and Grimsby.

Alexander lived in the time of Henry VII. [172]

i. William Cope was born about 1450. He died on 7 April 1513. He married Jane Spencer.

58. JOHN SPENCER, ESQ. (d. 1496/7)

John Spencer of Hodnell, co. Warwick died on 4 January 12 Henry VII [1496/7].[173] He married Anne Empson and was the father of Jane Spencer who married William Cope. [174] John Spencer of Hodnell, the son of John Spencer of Hodnell, died in 1498.[175] He left a wife named Joan.

John Spencer, of Hodnell, co. Warwick, Esq. made his will on 15 September 12 Henry VII [1496].[176] A writ was issued for the post mortem inquisition on 14 February 13 Henry VII [1497/8]. The inquisition was held the Tuesday before All Hallows [1 November] 14 Henry VII [1498]. [177]

John died possessed of lands and tenements in Napton on the Hill worth 20 marks; lands and tenements in Nethershukburgh worth eleven shillings; two messuages three virgates [a virgate was typically about 30 arces] of land in Noryend and a virgate of land in Birton worth 40 shillings; a messuage and three virgates and a half of land in Wormeleghton worth 40 shillings; 20 virgates of land in Ascote; and a yearly rent of 24 shilling from land and tenements in Stretton in the parish of Kyrkby Monachorum. [178]

John left wife Joan his land and property in Napton and Nethershukburgh for the term of her life with the remainder to his son and heir Thomas Spenser and Thomas’s heirs, with remainder to Thomas’s sister Elizabeth and her heirs, with the remainder to Joan, the wife of William Cope, esquire, and her male heirs, with the remainder to John Spencer, son of William Spencer and his male heirs and the remainder to Thomas Spencer, the brother of the aforesaid John. The issues and profits from the land and property in Northyend, etc., he directed to be used for the maintenance of his children Thomas and Elizabeth during their minority and the residue divided between them when they became of full age. His inquisition referred to Thomas Spenser as his son and heir “aged 6 and more.”

59. ANNE EMPSON

Anne Empson was the daughter and heir of Richard Empson. She married Sir John Spencer, Kt., of Hodnell. [179]

Children of John Spencer:

i. Jane Spencer (#29) married William Cope.

ii. Thomas Spencer was born in 1491 or 1492.

iii. Elizabeth Spencer

60. SIR EDWARD RALEGH (d. 1509/13) (William, John)

Sir Edward Raleigh was the father of Edward Raleigh. [180] He was of full age in 1463. He died between 20 June 1509 and 6 June 1513.

Edward was sheriff of Warwick and Leicester in 1467, 1495 and 1506. From 1483 to 1506 he was almost continuously on some commission. [181]

On 6 June 1513 an annuity which held was granted to another. [182]

Edward wrote his will on 20 June 1509 and it was proved in 1513. He mentioned his wife Margaret and asks for masses for the soles of his parents William Ralegh and Elizabeth, his wife, and his wife’s parents, Ralph Verney and Emme, his wife. He asked to be buried in the Chapel of Our Lady at Farnborough. [183]

61. MARGARET VERNEY (Ralph)

i. Edward Ralegh (#30) died in 1508. He married Anne Chamberlain.

Children of Edward Ralegh and Margaret Verney: [184]

i. Anne Ralegh

ii. Alice Ralegh

iii. Joan Ralegh

iv. Edward Ralegh (#30) died in 1508. He married Anne Chamberlain.

v. Elizabeth Ralegh married Austin (Augustine) Gaynestone.

vi. Emme Ralegh

vi. Anthony Ralegh married Elizabeth, the daughter of John Harwell, esquire.

62. RICHARD CHAMBERLAIN (d. bef. 1496)

The will of Richard Chamberlain was proved in 1496. He named as executors his wife Sybil and Dame Jane Fowler. He children were Edward, age 16, and his only daughter Anne, who was also underage. [185]

63. SYBIL FOWLER (Richard)

Sybil was the daughter of Richard Fowler, the Chancellor of the Exchequer of King Edward IV. [186]

Children of Richard Chamberlain and Sybil Fowler:

i. Edward Chamberlain, son and heir of Richard Chamberleyn, was born in Weston and baptized in the church there on 22 December 20 Edward IV [1480]. A hearing was held on 19 March 17 Henry VII [1504/5] to determine that he was of age. It was noted that the lands of his inheritance were in the custody of Sibilla Chamberleyn, widow, by the king’s grant. [187]

ii. Anne Chamberlain (#31)

Generation Seven

68. SIR THOMAS BLOUNT (d. 1456) (Walter, John, Walter, William)

Sir Thomas Blount died in 1456. He married first Margaret, the daughter of Sir Thomas Gresley of Derbyshire. [188]

As the younger son of Sir Walter Blount, Thomas was intended for the church. However, his father died in 1403, his older brother fell in 1418 at the siege of Rouen and his mother died shortly thereafter. Abandoning the church, he inherited extensive lands in Derbyshire, Staffordshire, Rutland and Leicestershire.[189]

In 1422 Thomas founded a chantry at Newark, at the expense of the Duke of Exeter, in memory of his parents. [190]

Thomas was M.P. for Derbyshire in 1420 and was appointed justice of the peace for Derbyshire on 12 February 1422. He was knighted sometime between July 1423 and July 1424. He became actively involved in Henry VI’s consolidation and extension of the French conquests of Henry V and sometime after May 1423 he left for France. Except for brief visits home he remained there until September 1435. He served as Treasurer of Normandy from 23 March 1429 until sometime before 22 April 1433. [191]

He probably married second Elizabeth, the widow of Sir John Wilcotes, sometime after his return. Upon his return home he was one of the richest and most powerful men in Derbyshire. His landed income alone was 266 pounds per year and he must have received income related to his French ventures as well. He allied himself with Humphrey, earl of Stafford and later the duke of Buckingham and served as deputy steward to Humphrey of the duchy of Lancaster lordship of Tutbury from 11 February 1438 to 25 May 1443. [192]

Both of Thomas’s sons had doubts about Humphrey’s ability to help and protect his supporters and this suspicion was justified in 1454 when a violent feud erupted between members of the Derbyshire gentry. The manor of Elvaston, given by Thomas to his elder son, was sacked and Thomas, the younger son was badly wounded. The duke of Buckingham—not wanting to oppose the Vernons who were on the other side of the quarrel—stood by. [193]

69. MARGARET GRESLEY (Thomas, Nicholas, John)

Children of Sir Thomas Blount and Margaret Gresley:

i. Walter Blount, First Baron Mountjoy died between 8 April 1474, when he wrote his will, and 10 February 1474/5, when it was proved.[194] He married first Helena, the daughter of Sir John Bryon. Perhaps surprisingly given his earlier history with the duke, he married second Anne, the widow of Humphrey Stafford, the Duke of Buckingham. Anne was the daughter of Ralph Neville, the Earl of Westmoreland and Joan Beaufort the only known daughter of John of Gaunt, Duke of Lancaster, and Katherine Swynford, the subject of Anya Seton’s novel Katherine and Alison Weir’s biography Katherine Swynford: The Story of John of Gaunt and his Scandalous Duchess. [195]

Walter succeeded his father as treasurer of Normandy. He fought with the Yorkists at Towton on 29 March 1461 and was rewarded with a knighthood and promotion to governor of Calais. In 1465 he was nominated lord high treasurer of England and on 20 June he was raised to the peerage. In 1467 he was given the Devonshire estates forfeited to the crown by the attainder of Thomas Courtney, Earl of Devonshire, in 1461. In 1468 he was directed to accompany the king in a projected expedition to aid the Duke of Brittany against Louis XI. The following year he accompanied Edward IV on his public entry into London after his temporary confinement by Warwick and Clarence. He was made knight of the garter on 23 April 1472. [196]

In his will of 8 April 1474 Walter asked to be buried at Grey Friars, London. He mentioned his “dear and well-beloved Lady and wife Anne Dutchess of Bucks,” his son William, deceased, his previous wife “Elene,” his sons John, Edward and James, his nieces Margaret Blount, Anne Blount and Margaret Shirley, his nephew John Rogers and Thomas Blount, Thomas’s son and heir Robert and Thomas’s daughter Anne. [197]

The post mortem inquisition of Walter’s son and heir John Blount on 27 October 15 Henry VII [1499] says that his father Walter Blount, Kt., was made Lord de Mountjoye by letters patent of Edward IV. [198]

Walter’s grandson William Blount, Fourth Lord Mountjoy, was a student, patron and intimate of Erasmus and an intimate of Henry VIII. [199]

ii. Sir Thomas Blount (#34) was perhaps born about 1348. He died in 1468. He married first Agnes Hawley. He married second Catherine Clifton.

112. WILLIAM COPE

William’s great-grandson Sir John Cope (#14) called William Cope his great-grandfather in his will.

William was the son of John Cope of Deanshanger. [200] He married the daughter and heir of William Gosage (Gossage) of Spratton. [201]

William held half a fee in Spratton in 1488. [202] The fee in Spratton (sometimes called Little Creaton), in Northamptonshire, had been acquired by William Gosage, whose daughter married William Cope. It was then worth eight pounds a year. It passed to John Cope [the son of William’s brother Stephen Cope].[203]

William married the daughter and heir of William Gossage of Spratton, Northamptonshire. [204]

i. Alexander Cope (#56) married second Jane Spencer.

116. JOHN SPENCER, ESQ.

Children of John Spencer:

i. William Spencer married Elizabeth, the sister of Sir Richard Empson, Kt.[205]

William’s son John Spencer was knighted by Henry VIII and died in 1522.[206] He was the ancestor of Winston Churchill and Lady Diana Spencer.

ii. John Spencer, Esq. (#58) died in 1498. He married Anne Empson.

118. PETER EMPSON The parents of Sir Richard Empson were Peter Empson and Elizabeth Josephs.[207] Sir Richard Empson was said (erroneously) to have risen from poverty and been the son of a sieve maker. However, Peter was already a man of means when he became a juror of assizes in 1444.[208] Painting: Sir Richard Empson (left), with Henry VII and Sir Edmund Dudley

119. ELIZABETH JOSEPHS

Children of Peter Empson and Elizabeth Josephs:

i. Sir Richard Empson was executed on 17 August 1510 on Tower Hill. He married Jane Unknown.[209]

By 1473 Richard was a lawyer. In 1475 he was the chancellor of the duchy of Lancaster. In 1478 he became the attorney general for the duchy of Lancaster. In 1486 he was steward for life of two lordships in Northamptonshire. He received a joint grant for a farm of swans in the duchy lands in Lincolnshire. He was a member of parliament for Northamptonshire from 1489 to 1504 and he was speaker in 1491. [210]

Sir Richard Empson was a councilor to Henry VII and he and Edmund Dudley were the primary agents of and were made the scapegoats for Henry VII’s taxation.[211]

Two days after the death of his father, Henry VIII ordered arrests of Sir Richard Empson and Edmund Dudley. [212]

ii. Anne Empson (#59) married Sir John Spencer.

120. WILLIAM RALEGH, ESQ. (John)

William was the son of John Ralegh and Idony Cotesford. [213]

William died on 15 October 1460. He married Elizabeth Green. [214]

In 1449 Joan, the late wife of Reynold Grey of Ruthin, knight, held property for life in dower of Thomas Ralegh, late her husband, with reversion to William, kinsman and heir of said Thomas, to wit, the son of John Ralegh, the brother of the said Thomas. [215]

In 1450 William Ralegh, esquire, and Elizabeth, his wife, and John Onley and Idonis his wife settled manors on Edward Brounflete, esquire, with reversion after his death to William and his wife. Idonis may have been William’s sister or mother. [216]

In 1452 William Ralegh was among the feoffees of Kegworth who demised that manor to Thomas Greene and Matilda, his wife. [217]

William died while Henry VI was a prisoner of the Yorkists. There was a delayed post mortem inquisition in 1508 on the Isle of Wight. His son and heir was Edward Ralegh, knight, who had entered into premises called Wodehouse, Chelyngwod and Walpanne. [218]

121. ELIZABETH GREENE (Thomas, Thomas)

An English royal descent for Anne Marbury hinges on the identity of Elizabeth Greene. The Visitation of Warwick in 1619 pedigree for the Ralegh family identifies her as the daughter of Sir Thomas Greene and Philippa Ferrers. A Greene family pedigree in the British Library also identifies her as the daughter of Thomas Greene and Philippa Ferrers. However, it was argued that William married Elizabeth by 1432 and that makes it more plausible that Elizabeth was the sister of Sir Thomas Greene (1400 – 1462), who married Philippa, than his daughter.

However there is some contemporary corroboration that suggests Elizabeth was indeed Thomas’s daughter. This from the inquisition post mortem of Sir Thomas Greene, who married Mathilda Throckmorton. Sir Thomas was the son Thomas Greene and Philippa Ferrers and he died on 18 January 1461/2. At the inquisition it was presented to jurors that John Vampage, William Wolashall, William Ralegh, John Rous, Thomas Throckmorton and John Throckmorton, esquires were seised of the manor of Kegworth in Leicestershire and on 4 July 1452 the released and demised the said manor to Thomas Greene and Matilda his wife. Thomas and John Throckmorton were the brothers of Matilda and John Rous was her brother-in-law. John Vampage was probably related to Matilda’s sister Elizabeth. This is consistent with William Ralegh being the brother-in-law of Thomas Greene. The source that had claimed William and Elizabeth were married by 1432 had misread the “5” in 1452 as a “3”.[219]

Children of William Ralegh and Elizabeth Greene: [220]

i. Thomas Ralegh died by 1449. He married Joan Unknown. She married second Sir Reynold Grey, knight, of Ruthin.

ii. Gilles Ralegh

iii. William Ralegh

iv. Sir Edward Ralegh (#60) died between 20 June 1509 and 6 June 1513. He married Margaret Verney.

122. SIR RALPH VERNEY (d. after 1478)

Sir Ralph Verney died after 11 June 1478.

Ralph’s was Lord Mayor of London in 1465. He was sheriff of Bedfordshire. [221]

Ralph Verney, knight, citizen, mercer and Alderman of London, made his will on 11 June 1478. It was proved on 25 June 147__. He asked to be buried in the Church of St. Martin Pomerye. (This church burned in the 1666 fire of London and was not rebuilt.) He gave 100 marks to the marriage of his cousin Joan Ralegh, daughter of Sir Edward Ralegh and his daughter Margaret. Elsewhere in the will he gave 100 s. to ___ Ralleghe, brother to Sir Edward Ralegh. He mentions his daughter [?] Beatrice Danvers, his son John and Ralph, his wife’s son John Pyking and his wife Emma.[222]

Ralph’s arms were Azure, on a cross Argent, five mullets Gules. [223]

Children of Ralph Verney:

i. Margaret Verney (#61) married Sir Edward Ralegh.

ii. Beatrice Verney [?] married Unknown Danvers.

iii. John Verney

iv. Ralph Verney

126. SIR RICHARD FOWLER (d. before 1477)

Richard Fowler died before 19 November 1477.

Richard Fowler was Chancellor of the Exchequer of King Edward IV. [224]

Richard’s will was proved on 19 November 1477. Richard Fowler, Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster, asked to be buried in the aisle of the Church of St. Romwold in the Prebendary of Buckinghamshire. He wanted “no tomb, but only a flat stone with images and scutcheons.” He mentioned his wife Joan, his aunt Sybil Quartermains, his daughter Sybil Chamberlain, his sister Alice Rokselme, his sister Sybil Danvers, his brother Thomas Fowler. He said that it was his will that his daughter Joan be married to his ward Edward Stradlinge at the age of 15. [225]

In 1501 Jane Fowler, widow, late wife of Richard Fowler, Chancellor the Duchy of Lancaster, bequeathed household goods at Black Stowell in Westminster bequeathed household goods to Master Rawley, gentleman, and Master Edward Chamberlain, esquire. She named her daughter Sybil as first executor. [226]

Children of Richard Fowler and Jane:

i. Sybil Fowler (#63) married Richard Chamberlain.

ii. Joan Fowler

Generation Eight

136. SIR WALTER BLOUNT (prob. c. 1348–1403) (John, Walter, William)

Sir Walter Blount was probably born about 1348. He was almost certainly the son of Sir John Blount of Sodington, Worcestershire.[227]

Blunt. What is thy name, that in the battle thus

Thou crossest me? What honour dost thou seek

Upon my head?

Earl of Douglas. Know then, my name is Douglas;

And I do haunt thee in the battle thus

Because some tell me that thou art a king.

Blunt. They tell thee true.

Earl of Douglas. The Lord of Stafford dear to-day hath bought

Thy likeness, for instead of thee, King Harry,

This sword hath ended him: so shall it thee,

Unless thou yield thee as my prisoner.

Blunt. I was not born a yielder, thou proud Scot;

And thou shalt find a king that will revenge

Lord Stafford's death.

[They fight. DOUGLAS kills SIR WALTER BLUNT. Enter HOTSPUR]

Hotspur (Henry Percy). O Douglas, hadst thou fought at Holmedon thus,

never had triumph'd upon a Scot.

Earl of Douglas. All's done, all's won; here breathless lies the king.

Hotspur (Henry Percy). Where?

Earl of Douglas. Here.

Hotspur (Henry Percy). This, Douglas? no: I know this face full well:

A gallant knight he was, his name was Blunt;

Semblably furnish'd like the king himself.

In 1367 Walter accompanied the Black Prince and John of Gaunt, Duke of Lancaster, on their expedition to Spain to restore Don Pedro the Cruel to the throne of Leon and Castile. [228]

Walter married Sancha de Ayála about 1371. She appears to have come to England as a lady in waiting to Constantia, the daughter of King Pedro, who married John of Gaunt in 1372.[229]

Walter was constable of Tutbury Castle in Lancaster, Staffordshire from 8 January 1373 until his death. [230]

By a settlement made in 1356 Walter’s elder half brother John received lands in Balterley, Biddulph, Fenton and Ramshorn in Staffordshire from his uncle William Blount’s widow. After he came of age, in 1374 Walter’s brother John inherited the paternal family estates including Sodington and the manors of Timberlake and Mamble and other properties in Worcestershire. He made over to his brother Walter his mother’s manor of Gayton in Staffordshire and the Mountjoy lands in Derbyshire. Walter in return gave up any further claim against the Mountjoy estates.[231]

In 1381 Walter purchased the estates of the Bakepuiz family in Derbyshire, Leicestershire and Hertfordshire. [232]

Walter was master forester of Needham Chase, Staffordshire from 9 February 1380 to 31 July 1383. He was justice of the peace for Staffordshire from 26 May 1380 to July 1389. He was justice of the peace of Derbyshire from 6 December 1387 to July 1389. [233]

Walter probably went with John of Gaunt on his expedition to assert his right to the throne of Leon and Castile in 1386. On 17 April 1389 he was one of the three men appointed to negotiate a permanent peace with the King of Castile. [234]

Walter was chamberlain of the household of John of Gaunt from about 1392 to February 1399.[235] In 1398 John of Gaunt granted an annuity of 100 marks to Walter. In 1399 he was an executor of John of Gaunt’s estate and received a small annuity. [236]

Walter was the representative for Derbyshire in Henry IV’s first parliament on 6 October 1399.[237]

Walter was the king’s standard-bearer at the Battle of Shrewsbury on 23 July 1403. Immortalized by Shakespeare in Henry IV, he wore armor resembling the king’s and was killed by Archibald, Earl of Douglas, who mistook him for the king. [238]

Ancestry and Family of Sir Walter Blount Sir William le Blunt = Isabel Unknown | Sir Walter le Blount of Rock = Joanna of Sodington |
| Sir William Blount = Margaret de Verdon	(1)= Isolda Mountjoy	| Sir John Blount		=(2) Eleanor Beauchamp?	| Walter Blount=Maud
| Richard Blount	| Sir John Blount =(1) Juliana Foulhurst =(2) Isabel Cornwall =(3) Helen Unknown		| Sir Walter Blount = Sancha de Ayála		| Thomas Blount

Walter was probably descended from Sir William le Blunt and his wife Isabel. There is some debate about the identity of Isabel and it has been argued that she was the seventh daughter of William de Beauchamp, Earl of Warwick. Sir William and Isabel had two sons, Peter Blount and Sir Walter le Blount. Sir Walter is usually styled Sir Walter le Blount of Rock as he lived at Rock, near Sodington, in Worcestershire. Sir Walter married Joanna, the sister of William de Sodington. When William died without children, his estate was divided between his three sisters and Joanna inherited Sodington in the parish of Mamble in Worcestershire. Walter may have died in 1315 or 1316 and he was certainly dead by 1331 when Joanna was described as a widow in a deed.[239]

Walter and Joanna had three sons: William, John and Walter. The eldest son, Sir William Blount, married Margaret, the daughter and an heiress of Theobald de Verdon, and he died in 1337 leaving no surviving children. The youngest son Walter Blount married Maud Unknown and also died leaving no children. [240]

The second son, Walter’s father Sir John Blount of Sodington, was born about 1298 and he died in 1358 seised of lands in Gloucestershire and Staffordshire. He married first Isolda Mountjoy. Isolda was the daughter and heir of Sir Thomas Mountjoy of Derbyshire. She died in 1347. Walter is said to have had four sons, Richard, John, Walter and Thomas, the last dying without children. The first two sons, Richard and John, were the sons of Isolda. The second two sons, Walter and Thomas, are said to be the sons of a second wife, Eleanor Beauchamp. [241]

The eldest son, Richard Blount, was killed by 1374 while campaigning with the Black Prince in Aquitaine. In that year, the second son John succeeded to his father’s estates. [242] This son, Sir John Blount, died on 2 April 1424. He married first Juliana Unknown, probably Juliana Foulhurst. In about 1383 he married second Isabel, the daughter of Sir Brian Cornwall of Kinlet, Shropshire and Maud, the daughter of Fulk, First Lord Strange of Blackmere. He perhaps married third Helen (or Ellen) Unknown.[243] Sir John held several important positions in Worcestershire. He was an M.P. in 1399 and January 1404; an escheator from 24 October 1392 to 24 November 1394 and 29 November 1402 to 12 November 1403; a justice of the peace from 18 June 1393 to February 1410; and an alnager (inspector of woolen cloth) from 30 November 1395 to October 1397. He was knighted before September 1403.[244]

Walter’s grandson Sir Walter Blount, First Lord Mountjoy, bore arms quartered: first the arms of Ayala, second the arms of Toledo, third the Blount arms and fourth vair. The last was believed to represent an earlier Bount marriage with an heiress of Beauchamp of Hache. Walter’s mother has been said to have been the Eleanor Beauchamp who married first Sir John Meriet and was the daughter of the second Lord Beauchamp of Hache, who died in 1343. However, the Eleanor who married Sir John Meriet apparently had only one husband. It has also been argued that Walter’s mother was Eleanor, the daughter of the first Lord Beauchamp of Hache, but her arms and the rules of heraldry are not consistent with this.[245]

137. SANCHA DE AYALA (d. 1418)

Sancha de Ayala was the daughter of Diego Gómez and Inez de Ayala. She died in 1418. [246]

Sancha founded the hospital of St. Leonard’s between Alkmontona and Hungry-Bentley in Derbyshire in 1406. [247]

Sancha’s father Diego Gómez was the mayor or chief justice of the city of Toledo and the principle secretary of the kingdom of Toledo. It is known from land transactions that he was the son of Gómez Perez and the grandson of Fernán Gómez.[248]

Sancha’s mother came from a far more distinguished family and Sancha used her name. Inez de Ayala was the eldest daughter of Fernán Pérez de Ayala and Elvira de Ceballos. Fernán died on 14 August 1385 at the Battle of Aljubarrota, age 80. Sancha’s famous uncle Don Pedro López de Ayala was a counselor to monarchs, employed by embassies and fought in battles. He was also a translator and chronicler. An old poet wrote, “Quien con Ayala se topa, no le faltaran abuelos.” [One who is connected with Ayala will never want ancestors.”] [249]

Sancha’s maternal grandfather began a genealogical treatise and it was continued by her chronicler uncle and this is the primary source of genealogical information about her maternal family. A number of possible royal and other fantastical descents have been proposed for Sancha. The most plausible royal descent (to her maternal grandmother, number eleven) is in the table below. However, steps four through six are not regarded as proved. [250]

Possible Royal Descent for Sancha de Ayala

1. Alfonso VI = (illegitimate) Jimena Muñoz (liason 1077–1079)

|

2. Elvira Alfonso (b. say 1079) = (2) Count Fernando Fernández (d. bef. 1130)

|

3. Theresa Fernández (b. say 1117) = Count Osorio Martínez (bef. 1108–1160)

|

4. Gonzalo Osorio (d. 1180)

|

5. Osorio González (d. say 1220)

|

6. Rodrigo Osorio

|

7. Rodrigo Rodríguez

|

8. Alvar Rodríquez Osorio = Elvira Nuñez

|

9. Elvira Alvarez Osorio = García Gómez Carillo

|

10. Juana García Carillo = Diego Gutierrez de Ceballos (d. 1330)

|

11. Elvira Alvarez de Ceballos (d. 1372)

Sancha’s sister Teresa was educated in the palace of King Pedro of Castile with his daughters and became the king’s mistress and had a daughter by him. Later she became the prioress of the monastery of Santo Domingo el Real at Toledo and her daughter became a nun. [251] A brother of Sancha was the great-great-grandfather of Ferdinand II, King of Aragon and husband of Queen Isabella of Castile.[252] Sancha and her husband are ancestors (four ways) of Queen Elizabeth II.

Children of Walter Blount and Sancha de Ayála:

i. Sir John Blount was the governor of Calais and was knighted in 1413. He was one of the leading soldiers of his day and he died in single combat before the gates of Rouen at the Siege of Rouen in August 1418. [253]

ii. Sir Thomas Blount (#68) died in 1456. He married first Margaret Gresley. He married second Elizabeth Unknown.

138. SIR THOMAS GRESLEY (d. 1445) (Nicholas, John)

Thomas was the son of Sir Nicholas Gresley and Thomasina Wastneys. He died in September 1445. He married Margaret, the daughter and heir of Sir Thomas Walsh.[254]

Thomas’s father, Sir Nicholas Gresley of Drakelow, died by 1389. His mother Thomasina was the daughter and heir of Sir Thomas Wastneys of Colton. She died by July 1405. Thomas’s paternal grandfather was Sir John Gresley. He died in about 1395. [255]

Thomas Gresley inherited all the estates of his paternal grandfather, who outlived his father, and those of his mother and was one of the richest and most powerful landowners in Derbyshire. Initially the Gresleys held land around Drakelow, Linton, Lullington and Gresley in Derbyshire. By marrying into the Wastney family they acquired the manors of Colton in Staffordshire, Braceborough and Carlby in Lincolnshire, Osgathorpe in Leicestershire and Seaton in Yorkshire, as well as other property, rents and rights.

Thomas’s wife Margaret was not her father’s heir but in 1397 her father Sir Thomas Walsh entered into an arrangement whereby Thomas and Margaret Gresley would pay him 29 pounds a year for land in Warwickshire and Leicestershire and it would become their property upon his death. As he lived only a few more months, this turned out to be advantageous. Thomas was taxed on land revenue of about 200 pounds per year in 1436, but this probably understated his income. [256]

Thomas was a supporter of Henry IV in his overthrow of Richard II and received his knighthood by October 1399. In 1400 he received an annuity of 26 pounds for life from the duchy of Lancaster honour of Tutbury. [257]

When young, Thomas Gresley became involved in a long and bitter feud with his neighbor, the abbot of Burton on Trent. According to the abbot, near the end of Richard II’s reign (it ended in 1399), Thomas began to enclose common land belonging to the abbey and to demand services from its tenants and that, moreover, he assaulted the monks and damaged their property. In December 1405 a commission examined these complaints and the following March the two parties put up sureties of 1,000 marks as a guarantee of future good behavior toward each other. Apparently this did not end matters and after he was attacked the abbot again sought the protection of the law in about 1414. Thomas was also involved in another property dispute with Sir John Bagot which probably originated with Thomas’s grandfather Sir John Gresley exploiting Sir John Bagot’s estates during the latter’s minority. [258]

Thomas and his elder son fought on the first French expedition in 1415. They provided three men-at-arms and nine archers. [259]

Thomas was M.P. for Derbyshire in 1401, 1414, 1417 and 1421. He was M.P. for Staffordshire in 1413 and 1419. She was Keeper of Repton priory in Derbyshire from 14 May 1415 to some time after 9 February 1416. He was the sheriff of Nottingham and Derbyshire from 4 November 1418 to 23 November 1419 and from 12 December 1426 to 7 November1427. He was sheriff of Staffordshire from 1 May 1422 to 13 November 1423. He was justice of the peace of Derbyshire from 8 July 1420 to 13 November 1423. He was justice of the peace of Staffordshire from 12 February 1422 to July 1423. [260]

In the 25 August 1427 Nottinghamshire parliamentary elections, as sheriff and returning officer, he committed infractions in the interests of his own nominees and was ordered to pay a fine of 100 pounds and he never served as sheriff afterwards. In 1439 he was investigated for allegedly exploiting the estates of his brother-in-law Thomas Walsh, which had been encharged to him in 1422 because of Thomas’s recurrent insanity. Thomas Gresley and his wife were found responsible for “wastes and destructions” and others were appointed to manage the property.[261]

139. MARGARET WALSH (Thomas, John)

Margaret Walsh was the daughter of Sir Thomas Walsh.

Thomas Walsh was the second son of Sir John Walsh of Wanlip and Alice, the daughter of Henry Cliff. He was born before 1346 and died before December 1398. He married Katherine Unknown. She died after 1420, when she made her will.[262]

Thomas’s father died before 1350, leaving two sons, William and Thomas. By 1352 William had died and Henry, Duke of Lancaster brought a legal action against Sir Geoffrey de la Mare and others for abducting Thomas, then the heir, from Wanlip. Thomas had inherited Wanlip, which his family had held since the early 13th century, other lands mostly situated just north of Leicester, and the feudal lordship of lands in Hardwick in Rutland. [263]

Henry took part in the military expedition of August 1369 when the English army under the leadership of Henry’s son-in-law John of Gaunt, devastated the Pays de Caux. As a retainer of the unpopular John of Gaunt, Thomas was allegedly violently attacked by the abbot and several canons of the Leicester abbey and men from the village of Barrow. Along with his administrative duties at home, he journeyed to Scotland in 1383 and was on Richard II’s unsuccessful expedition against Scotland in 1385. [264]

Thomas was knighted before May 1370. He was MP for Leicestershire 13 times between 1371 and 1379. He was the escheator for Warwick and Leicestershire from 23 December 1374 to 3 November 1375. He was a tax collector in Leicestershire in March 1377 and December 1384. He was justice of the peace for Leicestershire from 5 April 1381 to July 1382 and from 28 June 1390 to 1394. He was steward of the duchy of Lancaster honor of Leicestershire in Leicestershire, Northhamptonshire, Nottinghamshire, County Rutland and Warwickshire by the appointment of John of Gaunt from 15 August 1392 to sometime after 1393. He was the constable of Leicester castle by 10 April 1394. [265]

Thomas left four sons and two daughters. Two of his sons had died by 1420, leaving no children, and the third was mentally incapacitated. He had a daughter Elizabeth who married Thomas Boyville. [266]

Children of Sir Thomas Gresley and Margaret Walsh:

i. Sir John Gresley died abut 1450 He married Elizabeth, the daughter of Sir Thomas Clarell of Tickhill and Aldwark in Yorkshore about 1409. [267]

ii. Margaret Gresley (#69) married Sir Thomas Blount.

iii. Joan Gresley married Thomas Astley of Patshull, who was related to the Beauchamp earls of Warwick. [268]

In September 1422 Joan was appointed as nurse to Henry VI. [269]

iv. Unknown Daughter Gresley is said to have married into the Curson family of Croxall in Derbyshire. [270]

224. JOHN COPE, ESQ. (c. 1355 – 1414)

John Cope was born about 1355. [271] He died in December 1414. He married Joan, the daughter and heir of John Newenham, by his wife Elizabeth, the daughter and heir of Baron Hausted (Hansted) of Hausted.[272]

Hansted Manor in Adstock was in possession of the Hansteds and after the death of John Hansted in 1317 in was in possession of the Newenhams. In 1393 it was passed from John Newenham (Newennam) to John Cope and to Elizabeth his wife and their heirs. In 13 Henry VI [1436] Joan, the wife of John Cope, died possessed of the manor. She passed it to [her son] Stephen Cope and after to [Stephen’s son] John Cope.[273]

John appears in September 1379 when he was granted royal letters of protection for his departure to Ireland in the service of King’s justiciar. He is next appears in March 1388 [the date is not consistent with the previous date and seems to early] when he was in possession of the manors of Adstock and Deanshanger (Denshanger), which he held in right of his wife. He was in possession of 480 of the chief justice’s sheep, which he was keeping on these estates. In July 1397 he offered the crown 100 marks for the reversion of Deanshanger together with extensive farmland. One-third of the property was held by Anne Hanstede, who may have been his mother-in-law. She died three years later, enabling him to make good his title. He eventually acquired the title to Adstock as well. [274]

The dates for John Cope are suspicious. He was acting as a grown up in 1379, suggesting he must have been born before the late 1350s. He is said to have held property in right of his wife in 1388, but is argued that this same property was passed to him in 1393.

John was a member of parliament for Nothamptonshire in January 1397, 1399, 1402, October 1404 and 1406. [275]

John was an adherent of Henry Bolingbroke, later Henry IV. John Cope, esquire, accompanied on an expedition to Prussia that departed in July 1390 and returned the following spring. In June 1398. He sued for a royal pardon from Richard II in June 1398, but his fortunes were immediately improved when Henry ascended the throne in September 1399. He was appointed clerk and serjeant-marshal of the marshalsea of the royal household on 11 November 1399, a position he held until his death. He was escheator for Northamptonshire and Rutland from 26 November 1399 to 24 November 1400 and from 22 October 1404 to 1 December 1405. He was appointed commissioner to supervise repairs to the bridge at Stony Stratford, Buckinghamshire in May 1400, he was commissioner to make arrests in Northamptonshire in July 1401 and he was ordered to muster men to resist the northern rebels in May 1405. He was the sheriff of Northamptonshire from 24 November 1400 to 8 November 1401. He was a tax collector in Northamptonshire in September 1405 and he was porter of the castle and manor of Moor End in Northamptonshire from 28 January 1409 until his death. A few days after Henry’s coronation he excused John the 40 pounds he owed as part of the purchase price of Deanshanger. [276]

Cope was one of six custodians who took charge of the earl of Nortumberland after his failed rebellion and in December 1404 he received a gift of 20 marks a year from the confiscated estates of the traitor Sir Thomas Shelley. [277]

On 9 February 1401 John Cope held two thirds of the manor of Deanshanger by letters patent of Richard II and confirmed by the king [Henry IV]. [278]

His post mortem inquisition was held at Stony Stratford on 7 January 1415. The writ has been issued on 28 December. He held the manor of Deanshanger in his demesne and 132 acres of arable land, 18 acres of meadow, six acres of wood, and two cottages, each with one and a half acres in Wike, Wicken, Passenham, Stony Stratford, Puxley, Whitfield, Deanshanger and Heathencote, all of the king as a 40th part of a knight’s fee. By a charter dated at Deanshanger on 13 Dec. 1414, he granted these holdings to John Longeville, esquire, John Warrewyke, esquire, and Robert Spenser and their heirs and assigns, without royal licence, on the condition that they should enfeoff his wife Joan, for her life with remainder to his heirs. On account of the transgression the escheator took them into the king’s hands. The annual value of the site was nil, the annual value of the garden and dovecot were 3 s. 4 d. The 132 acres were of little value because they were forested and stony. The annual value of each of 80 of the 132 acres was 4 d.; the annual value of the remaining 52 acres was only 2 d. each because it was “forest land and stony.” The annual value of meadow was 18 d. per acres. The wood was worthless because it was “totally wasted.” His heir was said to be his son John “aged 18 years and more.”[279]

John’s son John was apparently dead by 1434, when his second wife died. His next heir at the time was his second son Stephen. [280]

John Copes arms were Gules, on a fesse argen a boar passant sable; impaling, Quarterly, 1 and 4, Argent, a cross gules, over all a bend azure, for NEWENHAM; 2 and 3, Gules, a chief chequy or and azure, over all a bend ermine, for HAUSTED.

Children of John Cope:

i. John Cope was born in 1397. He died by 20 September 1434. He apparently left no children.

ii. Stephen Cope was born in 1403. [281] He died in 1436. He married Joan Unknown. She was alive in 1445. [282]

iii. William Cope (#112)

240. JOHN RALEGH, ESQ. (prob. born 1382)

John Ralegh was probably born in 1382. He married Idony Cotesford, the daughter and heir of Sir Thomas Cotesford before he was fifteen. [283]

In 1395 Sir Thomas Cotesford settled the manor of Prescote on himself and his wife Alice for their lives with the remainder to John, son of Thomas Ralegh of Mollington and his wife Idony and their heirs. [284]

In 1417 John Ralegh of Wardinton, esquire, gave a quit claim to John Danvers and Robert Betrych of lands in Wardington, Great and Little Bourton and the manor of Tusmere, which they held by his effeofment. [285]

In 1418 Thomas de Cotesford, knight, gave a quitclaim to John Danvers of the manor of Prescote and all other lands held by the said John in Prescote, Croprydy, Wardyngton, Willyamescote, Baunebury, Great and Little Bourton, Molyngton and Shoteswelle. [286]

In 1431 John Ralegh held land in Westhide that had previously belonged to Walter Helion. [287]

The Visitation of 1619 authorized the Raleghs to quarter the Cotesford arms: argent, two bars gulles within a bordure engrailed semee of bezants. [288]

Ancestry of John Ralegh[289]

William de Ralegh was an adult in 1198 when he granted land that had been held by his uncle Walter de Ralegh. He (or perhaps his son, it is not completely apparent which records belong to whom) was sheriff of Devonshire in 1225 and 1233. In 1235/6 William de Ral’ held one fee in in Devon. William had a son William the younger.

On 30 April 1238 William the younger, knight, was a tax collector in Devon. On 17 July 1238 he had a wife Clarissa, who was the widow of Robert Aubermarle. In 1242/3 he held one fee in Ralegh and Chaudecombe of the honor of Barnstable and one fee in Auvrington of Philip de Culumbers. In 1247 a fine between William, son of William Ralegh and Geoffrey de la Pomeroy concerning the manors of Upotery, Bukerel and Lympstone, which after the death of Geoffrey were to remain to Henry his son and heir and to is heirs begotten of Matilda his wife and daughter of the said William. In 1258 he had a wife Isabel and they paid a tax in county Somerset. Isabel was the widow of James Montsorel and Ralph Fitzurse of Withycombe and Brompton Ralph in Somerset. William the younger died between 1269 and 1271. She was living in 1284/8 when as Isabella la Fichours she held in dower one fee in Alrynton of Thomas de Ralegh. In the same year she held one-third of a fee in Withycombe. In 1289 it was said that the wife of William de Ralegh had earlier nursed Alan, the son and heir of Roger le Zouch who was born on 9 October 1267 in North Molton, Devon. [290] William had sons Thomas and Henry Ralegh and a daughter Matilda, who married Henry the de la Pomeray. Isabel was evidently not the mother of his children.

Henry Ralegh married Mabel Punchardon who is said to be the daughter and coheiress of John Punchardon. Henry was among the knights of Devon who were summoned for military service from 1277 to 1301. Henry and Mabel had a son John Ralegh.

John Ralegh married first Joan de Grey by 1302. She died by 1339/40 when he had a second wife named Amy or Anne. Joan was the sister of the first Lord Grey of Rotherfield. John last appears in the records on 24 February 1348, the year the Black Death first appeared in England. John and Joan were the parents of a daughter Katherine and of a son John Ralegh.

John Ralegh was born before 1314. He died on 29 September 1348. He married Rose, the daughter and heir of Peter Helion, knight, by 1343. Peter was the eldest son of Walter Helion and his wife Alice. He had a wife named Cecily. John and Rose were the parents of a son Thomas Ralegh.

Thomas Ralegh was probably born about 1330. He died on 6 November 1396. He married first Elizabeth Evesham between 10 December 1342 and 27 April 1343. He married second Agnes Swinford by 1380. She married second Thomas Wakelyn before 1 May 1399. Thomas was one of those appointed to levy an aid on 6 December 1373. One 23 January 1374 he was relieved of this duty and ordered to live on his lands on the Isle of Wight for the safeguard and defense of the island. He was escheatorn in Warwick and Leicester in 1378, 1388, 1391 and 1392. He was sheriff of Warwick and Leicester from 18 October 1380 to 1 November 1381. He was commission of the peace in Warwickshire in 1389 and 1390. In 1382 he joined in commission with Thomas Earl of Warwick and other persons of quality to conserve the peace and resist rebels in the aftermath of the Peasants Revolt of 1381. Thomas and (presumably) his second wife Agnes had two sons. The eldest, Thomas, was born on 9 February 1378/9 in Farnborough and married Joan Asteley. The second was the John Ralegh, here.

Ancestry of John Ralegh William de Ralegh | Sir William de Ralegh, the younger = (1) Clarissa Unknown, =(2) Isabel Unknown |
	| Sir Henry de Ralegh = Mabel, d. of John Punchardon | Sir John Ralegh = Joan, d. Sir John de Grey | John Ralegh = Rose, d. Peter Helion | Thomas Ralegh = Agnes Swinford	| Matilda = Henry, s. of Geoffrey de la Pomeroy

241. IDONY COTESFORD

i. William Ralegh (#120) died on 15 October 1460. He married Elizabeth Greene.

242. SIR THOMAS GREENE (1400–1462) (Thomas)

Thomas Greene was the son of Thomas Greene, who was born in 1369 and died in 1417. He was born about 1400 and died on 18 January 1461/2. He married Philippa Ferrers. [291]

243. PHILIPPA FERRERS

Children of Thomas Greene and Philippa Ferrers:

i. Elizabeth Greene (#121) married William Ralegh, esquire.

ii. Thomas Greene died on 9 September 1462. [292] He married Mathilda, the daughter of John Throckmorton of Coughton. [293]

REFERENCES

Baker, George, History and Antiquities of the County of Northamptonshire, vol. 1, London: John Bowyer Nichols and John Rodwell, 1822–1830.

Bannerman, W. Bruce. The Registers of St. Mary le Bowe, Cheapside, All Hallows, Honey Lane, and of St. Pancras, Soper Lane, London, London: Harleian Society, 1914.

Batten, John, “The Barony of Beauchamp of Somerset,” Proceedings of the Somerset Archaeological and Natural History Society, vol. 36, Taunton: T.M. Hawkins, 1891.

Bedfordshire Archives Service Catalogue, http://bedsarchivescat.bedford.gov.uk.

Berry, William, Encyclopaedia Heraldica or Complete Dictionary of Heraldry, vol. 2, London: Sherwood, Gilbert and Piper, 1828.

Bindoff, S.T., The History of Parliament: the House of Commons 1509–1558, digitized book, History of Parliament, https://www.historyofparliamentonline.org.

Bird, W.H.B. and K.H. Ledward, Calendar of Close Rolls, Edward IV, vol. 2, 1468-1476, London: Her Majesty’s Stationary Office, 1953. 

Black, J.G. and R.H.V. Brodie, Calendar of Patent Rolls … Prepared Under the Supervision of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, Henry VII … , vol. 1, London: H.M. Stationery office, 1914.

“Blount, John II (aft. 1345–1425) of Sodington, Worc.,” online article, The History of Parliament, https://www.historyofparliamentonline.org, reprinted from J.S. Roskell, L. Clark and C. Rawcliffe, The History of Parliament: The House of Commons 1386–1421, n.p., Boydell & Brewer, 1993.

“Blount, Thomas II (d. 1403) of Barton Blount, Dersbys,” online article, The History of Parliament, https://www.historyofparliamentonline.org, reprinted from J.S. Roskell, L. Clark and C. Rawcliffe, The History of Parliament: The House of Commons 1386–1421, n.p., Boydell & Brewer, 1993.

“Blount, Sir Walter (d. 1403) of Barton Blount, Dersbys,” online article, The History of Parliament, https://www.historyofparliamentonline.org, reprinted from J.S. Roskell, L. Clark and C. Rawcliffe, The History of Parliament: The House of Commons 1386–1421, n.p., Boydell & Brewer, 1993.

Bowen, Richard Lebaron, “The Arms of Richard Scott,” NEHGR 96, 1942, 3–26.

———, “The Mother of Christopher Helme,” NEHGR 98, 1944, 11–25.

Brook, J.M.S. and A.W.C. Hallen, The Transcript of the Registers of the United Parishes of S. Mary Woolnoth and S. Mary Woolchurch, Haw, in the City of London, London: Bowles & Sons, 1886.

Brydges, Egerton, Collin’s Peerage of England, 9 vols., London, printed for F.C. and J. Rivington et al., 1812.

Burke, Bernard, A Genealogical and Heraldic Dictionary of the Peerage and Baronetage, 48th ed., London: Harrison and Sons, 1880.

Calendar of Inquisitions Post Mortem and Other Analogous Documents, Henry VII, 2 vols., London: Her Majesty’s Stationary Office, 1898; His Majesty’s Stationary Office, 1915.

Chester, Joseph Lemuel, “A Genealogical Memoir of the Wentworth Family of England … ,” NEHGR 22, 1868, 120–39

———, “The Hutchinson Family of New England, and its Connection with the Marburys and Drydens,” NEHGR 20, 1866, 355–67.

———, “The Marbury Family,” Notes and Queries section, NEHGR 21, 1867, 283–4.

Clark, Andrew, Register of the University of Oxford, vol. 2, part 1, Oxford: Oxford Historical Society, 1887).

Colket, Meredith B., Jr., The English Ancestry of Anne Marbury Hutchinson and Katherine Marbury Scott, Philadelphia: Magee Press, 1936.

“Cope, John (d.1414), of Adstock, Bucks. and Denshanger, Northants.,” online article, The History of Parliament, https://www.historyofparliamentonline.org, reprinted from J.S. Roskell, L. Clark and C. Rawcliffe, The History of Parliament: The House of Commons 1386–1421, n.p., Boydell & Brewer, 1993.

Corcoran, Kevin, “Canon’s Ashby House and Masonic Connections,” online article, Freemasonry in Northamptonshire and Huntingdonshire, https://www-northants-huntmason.org.uk.

Craig, F.N., “Ralegh of Farnborough,” NEHGR 145, 1991, 3–22.

———,“The Well Beloved Mother-in-Law of Robert Marbury,” The American Genealogist 67, 1992, 201–2.

Croke, Alexander, The Genealogical History of the Croke Family, Originally Named le Blount, vol. 2, Oxford: W. Baxter, 1823.

“England Marriages, 1538–1973,” database, FamilySearch, https://familysearch.org, citing index based upon data collected by the Genealogical Society of Utah, Salt Lake City, FHL microfilm 547,508.

Fry, George S. Abstracts of Iquisitions Post Mortem Relating to the City of London, pt. 1, London: London and Middlesex Archaeological Society, 1896.

Gay, Frederick L., “Rev. Francis Marbury,” Proceedings of the Massachusetts Historical Society, vol. 48, Boston: The Society, 1914–1925.

Gibbs, Vicary, Complete Peerage of England, Scotland, Ireland, Great Britain and the United Kingdom, vol. 2, London: St. Catherine Press, 1912.

Green, Mary Anne Everett, Calendar of State Papers Domestic: James I, 1603-1610, London: n.p., 1857, online book, British History Online, http://www.british-history.ac.uk.

“Gresley, Sir Thomas (d.1445), of Colton, Staffs. and Drakelow, Derbys,” online article, The History of Parliament, https://www.historyofparliamentonline.org, reprinted from J.S. Roskell, L. Clark and C. Rawcliffe, The History of Parliament: The House of Commons 1386–1421, n.p., Boydell & Brewer, 1993.

“A Historic Walk Through Canons Ashby, Northamptonshire,” online article, 11 May 2012, The Guardian, https://www.theguardian.com.

A History of the County of Northampton, vol. 3, London: Victoria County History, 1930.

Horowitz, Mark R., “Richard Empson, Minister of Henry VII,” Bulletin of the Institute of Historical Research 4 (1982), 41–91.

Howard, H.W. Forsyth, The Genealogist, vols. 31–32, London, George Bell & Sons, 1915–1916.

Howard, Joseph Jackson, Miscellanea Genealogica et Heraldica, vol. 4, London: Mitchell and Hughes, 1902.

An Inventory of the Historical Monuments in the County of Northamptonshire, vol. 3, London: H.M. Stationary Office, 1981.

Kirby, J.L., Calendar of Inquisitions Post Mortem, vol. 18, Henry IV, London: Her Majesty’s Stationary Office, 1987.

———, Calendar of Inquisitions Post Mortem, vol. 20, Henry V, London: Her Majesty’s Stationary Office, 1995.

Lennam, T.N.S., “Francis Merbury, 155–1611,” Studies in Philology 64 (1968), 207–22.

Letters and Papers … of Henry VIII, 21 vols., London, H.M. Stationery Office, various dates.

Littledale, Willoughby A., The Registers of St. Bene’t and St. Peter, Paul’s Wharf, 1607–1837, London: Harleian Society, 1902.

Lovell, Percy and William M. Marcham, “Appendices: The church of St. Pancras,” in Survey of London: vol. 19, the Parish of St Pancras, part 2: Old St Pancras and Kentish Town, London: n.p., 1938, online book, British History Online, http://www.british-history.ac.uk.

Maddison, A.R., Lincolnshire Pedigrees, vols. 1,2, London: Harleian Society, 1902,1903.

Metcalfe, Walter C., Visitations of Northamptonshire Made in 1564 and 1618–9 with Northamptonshire Pedigrees from Various Harleian Mss., London: Mitchell and Hughes, 1887.

Newcourt, Richard, Repertorium Ecclesiasticum Parochiale Londonense …, vol. 1, London: Benj. Motte, 1708.

Nicolas, Nicholas Harris, Testamenta Vestuta, vol. 1, London: Nichols and Son, 1826.

“The Occupants of the Ancient Office of Sheriff of the County of Lincoln From Edward I to 1625,” webpage, Tudor Place, http://www.tudorplace.com.ar.

Page, William Page The Victoria History of the County of Northampton, vol. 3, London: University of London Institute for Historical Research, 1970.

“Parishes: Hodnell,” webpage, British History Online, https://www.british-history.ac.uk, citing “Parishes: Hodnell”, in L.F. Salzman, A History of the County of Warwick, vol. 6, London: n.p., 1951, 114–6.

“Parishes: Spratton with Little Creaton,” webpage, British History Online, https://www.british-history.ac.uk, citing “Parishes: Spratton with Little Creaton,” in L.F. Salzman, A History of the County of Northampton, vol. Volume 4, London: n.p., 1937, 100–7.

“Parishes: Wormleighton,” webpage, British History Online, https://www.british-history.ac.uk, citing “Parishes: Wormleighton,” in in L.F. Salzman, A History of the County of Warwick, vol. 5, London: n.p., 1949, 218–44.

Peckham, Stephen, “Richard Scott and His Wife Catherine Marbury, and Some of Their Descendants,” NEHGR 60, 1906, 168–75.

Roberts, Gary Boyd, “Immigrants to New England for whom Royal Descend has been Proved, Virtually Proved, Improved or Disproved since about 1960: A Bibliography,” NEHGR 141 (1987), 93–109.

Ross, James, “Contrary to the Right and to the Order of the Lawe’: New Evidence on Behalf of Dudley’s Activities on Behalf of Henry VII in 1504,” English Historical Review 127, no. 524 (2012), 24–45.

Stephen, Leslie and Syndey Lee, Dictionary of National Biography, vol. 2, New York: MacMillan Co., 1908.

Taylor, Nathaniel L. and Todd A. Farmerie, “Notes on the Ancestry of Sancha de Ayala,” NEHGR 152 (1998), 36–48.

Thrush, Andrew and John P. Ferris, The History of Parliament: the House of Commons 1604–1629, digitized book, History of Parliament, https://www.historyofparliamentonline.org.

U.K. Deputy Keeper of the Records, A Descriptive Catalogue of Ancient Deeds in the Public Records Office, vol. 6, London, His Majesty’s Stationery Office, 1915.

Venn, John and J.A. Venn, Alumni Cantabrigienses, Part 1, From the Earliest Times to 1751, 4 vols., Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1922–1927.

“Walsh, Sir Thomas (bef.1346-1397/8), of Wanlip, Leics.,” online article, The History of Parliament, https://www.historyofparliamentonline.org, reprinted from J.S. Roskell, L. Clark and C. Rawcliffe, The History of Parliament: The House of Commons 1386–1421, n.p., Boydell & Brewer, 1993.

Wedgewood, Josiah and Anne D. Holt, History of Parliament, 1439–1509, London, His Majesty’s Stationery Office, 1936.

Wiggins, Martin and Catherine Richardson, British Drama: 1533–1642: A Catalogue, vol. 2 (Oxford, Oxford University Press, 2012), 129.

Willis, Browne, The History and Antiquities of … Buckingham …, London: printed for the author, 1755.

---

[1] W. Bruce Bannerman, The Registers of St. Mary le Bowe, Cheapside, All Hallows, Honey Lane, and of St. Pancras, Soper Lane, London (London: Harleian Society, 1914), 131.

[2] Joseph Lemuel Chester, “The Hutchinson Family of New England, and its Connection with the Marburys and Drydens,” NEHGR 20 (1866), 355–67, specifically 365 and A.R. Maddison, Lincolnshire Pedigrees, vol. 2 (London: Harleian Society, 1903), both citing the Harleian MSS (no. 1550, fol. 174b), being a copy of “The Visitation of Lincolnshire made in 1564 by Robert Cook, Chester Herald, continued and enlarged with the visitation made in 1592 by Richard Mundy,” This manuscript says that Francis had two wives, that Anne was the daughter of the second, that she married William Hutchinson of Lincolnshire and that her mother Bridget was the sister of Sir Erasmus Dryden of Northamptonshire, knight and baronet.

[3] T.N.S. Lennam, “Francis Merbury, 1555–1611,” Studies in Philology 65 (1968), 207–22, specifically 209. The mark was a unit of account equivalent 160 pence or two-thirds of a pound. A noble was a gold coin with a face value of 80 pence or sometimes a unit of account equivalent to 80 pence.

[4] Lennam, “Francis Merbury,” 210. A pensioner or commoner was a student who paid his own tuition. Martin Wiggins and Catherine Richardson, British Drama: 1533–1642: A Catalogue, vol. 2 (Oxford, Oxford University Press, 2012), 129. John Venn and J.A. Venn, Alumni Cantabrigienses, Part 1, From the Earliest Times to 1751, vol. 3, (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1924), 139.

[5] Lennam, “Francis Merbury,” 211–3.

[6] Frederick L. Gay, “Rev. Francis Marbury,” Proceedings of the Massachusetts Historical Society, vol. 48 (Boston: The Society, 1914–1925), 283–7.

[7] Gay, “Rev. Francis Marbury,” 287.

[8] Lennam, “Francis Merbury,” 215.

[9] Gay, “Rev. Francis Marbury,” 287–9.

[10] Chester, “Hutchinson Family,” 3656, citing parish registers.

[11] Richard Newcourt, Repertorium Ecclesiasticum Parochiale Londonense …, vol. 1 (London: Benj. Motte, 1708), 405–6, 421–2, 517–8. All of these churches were later destroyed in the 1666 fire of London. St. Martin Vintry was annexed to St. Michael Paternoster Royal; St. Pancras, Soper Lane was annexed to the Church of St. Mary-le-Bow and St. Margaret, New Fish Street was annexed to St. Magnus-the-Martyr.

[12] Lennam, “Francis Merbury,” 218.

[13] Joseph Lemuel Chester, “The Marbury Family,” Notes and Queries section, NEHGR 21 (1867), 283–4, citing will proved in the Consistory Court in London.

[14] Chester, “Marbury Family,” citing the papers of Randall Holme. Francis Marbury was not affiliated with Walbrook.

[15] Chester, “Hutchinson Family,” 365–6, citing parish registers. Typically the title “esquire” denoted landed gentry who ranked above gentlemen but below knights.

[16] F.N. Craig, “Ralegh of Farnborough,” NEHGR 145, 1991, 3–22, specifically 21.

[17] Colket, Meredith B., Jr., The English Ancestry of Anne Marbury Hutchinson and Katherine Marbury Scott (Philadelphia: Magee Press, 1936), 32.

[18] Colket, English Ancestry of Anne Marbury Hutchinson, 32.

[19] Chester, “Hutchinson Family,” 365–6, citing parish registers. Susan’s husband’s location also in this source.

[20] A.R. Maddison, Lincolnshire Pedigrees, vol. 2 (London: Harleian Society, 1903), 637–8, county Salop.

[21] Chester, “Hutchinson Family,” 365–6, citing parish registers.

[22] Colket, English Ancestry of Anne Marbury Hutchinson, 33.

[23] Brook, J.M.S. and A.W.C. Hallen, The Transcript of the Registers of the United Parishes of S. Mary Woolnoth and S. Mary Woolchurch, Haw, in the City of London (London: Bowles & Sons, 1886), 143.

[24] Brook and Hallen, Registers of S. Mary Woolnoth, 138.

[25] Brook and Hallen, Registers of St. Mary Woolnoth, 219, 215, 145.

[26] “England Marriages, 1538–1973,” database, FamilySearch (https://familysearch.org), John Saunders and Emme Marberye, 09 Mar 1613, citing index based upon data collected by the Genealogical Society of Utah, Salt Lake City, FHL microfilm 547,508.

[27] The matriculations of Erasmus, Jeremuth and Anthony are in Chester, “Hutchinson Family,” 364–5, citing Oxford matriculation registers. Erasmus and Jeremuth are described as sons of a clergyman and Anthony is described as the son of a clergyman of St. Martin’s, London.

[28] Maddison, Lincolnshire Pedigrees, vol.2, 637–8.

[29] Maddison, Lincolnshire Pedigrees, vol.2, 637–8.

[30] Andrew Clark, Register of the University of Oxford, vol. 2, part 1 (Oxford: Oxford Historical Society, 1887), 42–47.

[31] Willoughby A. Littledale, The Registers of St. Bene’t and St. Peter, Paul’s Wharf, 1607–1837, (London: Harleian Society, 1902), 204.

[32] Littledale, Registers of St. Peter, Paul’s Wharf, 205.

[33] Richard Lebaron Bowen, “The Arms of Richard Scott,” NEHGR 96 (1942), 3–26, specifically 3, 8.

[34] Bowen, “Arms of Richard Scott,” 8.

[35] Stephen Peckham, “Richard Scott and His Wife Catherine Marbury, and Some of Their Descendants,” NEHGR 60 (1906), 168–75, specifically 170.

[36] Richard Lebaron Bowen, “The Mother of Christopher Helme,” NEHGR 98 (1944), 11–25, specifically 18.

[37] Craig, “The Well Beloved Mother-in-Law of Robert Marbury,” The American Genealogist 67 (1992), 201–10, specifically 202.

[38] Chester, “Hutchinson Family,” 365. Maddison, Lincolnshire Pedigrees, 637–8.

[39] Maddison, Lincolnshire Pedigrees, vol. 2, 637–8.

[40] Lennam, “Francis Merbury,” 208. Venn and Venn, Alumni Cantabrigienses, Part 1, vol. 3, 139

[41] Lennam, “Francis Merbury,” 208.

[42] Joseph Lemuel Chester, “A Genealogical Memoir of the Wentworth Family of England,” NEHGR 22 (1868), 120–139, specifically 131.

[43] Maddison, Lincolnshire Pedigrees, vol. 2, 637–8.

[44] Colket, English Ancestry of Anne Marbury Hutchinson, 25–26.

[45] Maddison, Lincolnshire Pedigrees, vol. 2, 637–8.

[46] Craig, “Well Beloved Mother-in-Law,” 202.

[47] Chester, “Hutchinson Family,” 365.

[48] Chester, “Hutchinson Family,” 365.

[49] “The Occupants of the Ancient Office of Sheriff of the County of Lincoln From Edward I to 1625,” webpage, Tudor Place (http://www.tudorplace.com.ar).

[50] Bannerman, The Registers of St. Mary le Bowe, All Hallows and St. Pancras, 132.

[51] Chester, “Hutchinson Family,” 365.

[52] Chester, “Hutchinson Family,” 365.

[53] Chester, “Hutchinson Family,” 365.

[54] Chester, “Genealogical Memoir of the Wentworth Family,” 131.

[55] Bowen, “Mother of Christopher Helme,” 16.

[56] F.N. Craig, “Ralegh of Farnborough,” NEHGR 145 (1991), 3–22, specifically 21.

[57] Chester, “Hutchinson Family,” 366.

[58] “Dryden, Sir Erasmus, 1st Bt. (1553-1632), of Canons Ashby, Northants.,” in Andrew Thrush and John P. Ferris, The History of Parliament: the House of Commons 1604–1629, digitized book, The History of Parliament https://www.historyofparliamentonline.org).

[59] “A Historic Walk Through Canons Ashby, Northamptonshire,” online article, 11 May 2012, The Guardian (https://www.theguardian.com).

[60] Kevin Corcoran, “Canon’s Ashby House and Masonic Connections,” online article, Freemasonry in Northamptonshire and Huntingdonshire (https://www-northants-huntmason.org.uk).

[61] Craig, “Ralegh of Farnborough,” 21.

[62] “Parishes: Hodnell,” webpage, British History Online (https://www.british-history.ac.uk), citing “Parishes: Hodnell”, in L.F. Salzman, A History of the County of Warwick, vol. 6, (London, n.p.,1951), 114–6.

[63] Chester, “Hutchinson Family,” 366. Walter C. Metcalfe, Visitations of Northamptonshire Made in 1654 and 1618–9 with Northamptonshire Pedigrees from Various Harleian MSS. (London: Mitchell and Hughes, 1887), 15.

[64] “Dryden, Sir Erasmus, 1st Bt. (1553–1632), of Canons Ashby, Northants.” Chester, “Hutchinson Family,” 366. “Parishes: Hodnell.”

[65] “Dryden, Sir Erasmus, 1st Bt. (1553–1632), of Canons Ashby, Northants.” Chester, “Hutchinson Family,” 366.

[66] Baker, History and Antiquities of Northamptonshire, vol. 1, 364.

[67] George Baker, History and Antiquities of the County of Northamptonshire, vol. 1 (London: John Bowyer Nichols and John Rodwell, 1822–1830), 629.

[68] Chester, “Hutchinson Family,” 366.

[69] Craig, “Well Beloved Mother-in-Law,” 207, citing Letters and Papers of Henry VIII 1, pt. 1 (2nd ed., 1920) 13 f. no. 22; 191, no. 414, 21; pt. 2, 1311–2, no. 3049, 41; 2 pt. 2 (1864), 1017, no. 3152; 4 pt. 1, 869. Letters and Paper of Henry VIII, vol. 11, 1536, no. 1417 (23, 25).

[70] Letters and Paper of Henry VIII, vol. 11, no. 568.

[71] Letters and Paper of Henry VIII, vol. 11, no. 619.

[72] Letters and Paper of Henry VIII, vol. 11, no. 853.

[73] Craig, “Well Beloved Mother-in-Law,” 208, citing Public Records Office 11/30, PCC 35 Pennyng.

[74] Craig, “Well Beloved Mother-in-Law,” 209, citing Public Records Office C 142/72/15. Post mortem inquisitions were taken by the escheator—the official responsible for upholding the monarch’s rights as a feudal lord— of the county upon the death of a monarch’s tenant. The monarch technically owned all of the land and his subjects were his tenants who held the land under various feudal contracts. The purpose of the inquisitions was to ascertain the lands the deceased tenant was seised of—or held under these arrangements—their value, the profits due to the crown, the heir and their age. They exist from the reign of Henry III, in the thirteenth century, to the reign of Charles II, when they were abolished. Parliament ordered the publication of these inquisitions. See Alexander Croke, The Genealogical History of the Croke Family, Originally Named le Blount, vol. 2 (Oxford: W. Baxter, 1823), 128.

[75] Craig, “Well Beloved Mother-in-Law,” 210, citing Public Records Office C 142/72/15.

[76] Maddison, Lincolnshire Pedigrees, vol. 2, 637–8. “Inquisitions Post Mortem, temp. Henry VIII to Charles I,” in H.W. Forsyth Howard, The Genealogist, vol. 32 (London: George Bell & Sons, 1916), 67.

[77] Maddison, Lincolnshire Pedigrees, vol. 2, 637–8.

[78] Craig, “Well Beloved Mother-in-Law,” 205–6, citing Public Records Office E 150/705/3. “Inquisitions Post Mortem,” The Genealogist, vol. 32, 67.

[79] William Page, The Victoria History of the County of Northampton, vol. 3 (London: University of London Institute for Historical Research, 1970), 255–62.

[80] Page, Victoria History of the County of Northampton, vol. 3, 164–8.

[81] Calendar of Inquisitions Post Mortem and Other Analogous Documents, Henry VII, vol. 2 (London: Her Majesty’s Stationary Office, 1898), 583.

[82] “Conveyane to uses (feoffment): (i) John Lenton … ,” Bedfordshire Archives Service Catalogue (http://bedsarchivescat.bedford.gov.uk), search entry for Aldwinkle, reference FN859.

[83] Page, Victoria History of the County of Northampton, vol. 3, 164–8, 255–62.

[84] Metcalfe, Visitations of Northamptonshire, 15. His death date in Craig, “Ralegh of Farnborough,” 20.

[85] Metcalfe, Visitations of Northamptonshire, 15. “Cope, John (by 1513–58), of Canons Ashby, Northants.,” in S.T. Bindoff, The History of Parliament: the House of Commons 1509–1558, digitized book, History of Parliament (https://www.historyofparliamentonline.org).

[86] “Cope, John (by 1513–58), of Canons Ashby, Northants.”

[87] Letters and Paper of Henry VIII, vol. 21, pt. 2, no. 472.

[88] “Cope, John (by 1513–58), of Canons Ashby, Northants.”

[89] An Inventory of the Historical Monuments in the County of Northamptonshire, vol. 3 (London: H.M. Stationary Office, 1981), 34–37.

[90] Letters and Paper of Henry VIII, vol. 10, no. 917; vol. 12, pt. 2, no. 1008(10); 13, pt. 2, 967(47).

[91] Letters and Paper of Henry VIII, vol. 18, pt. 1, no. 100(2).

[92] Letters and Paper of Henry VIII, Addenda, vol. 1, pt. 2, no. 1612.

[93] “Cope, John (by 1513–58), of Canons Ashby, Northants.”

[94] Craig, “Ralegh of Farnborough,” 20.

[95] “Parishes: Hodnell.” U.K. Deputy Keeper of the Records, A Descriptive Catalogue of Ancient Deeds in the Public Records Office, vol. 6 (London, His Majesty’s Stationery Office, 1915), C. 7674.

[96] “Cope, John (by 1513–58), of Canons Ashby, Northants.”

[97] Nicholas Harris Nicolas, Testamenta Vestuta, vol. 2 (London: Nichols and Son, 1826), 748.

[98] Metcalfe, Visitations of Northamptonshire, 15.

[99] Metcalfe, Visitations of Northamptonshire, 15, 175.

[100] Metcalfe, Visitations of Northamptonshire, 15, 175. Egerton Brydges, Collin’s Peerage of England, vol. 1 (London: printed for F.C. and J. Rivington et al., 1812), 382–3.

[101] Testamenta Vestuta, vol. 2, 749.

[102] Metcalfe, Visitations of Northamptonshire, 15.

[103] Craig, “Ralegh of Farnborough,” 21.

[104] Colket, English Ancestry of Anne Marbury Hutchinson, 23–24.

[105] Lennam, “Francis Merbury,” 208.

[106] Colket, English Ancestry of Anne Marbury Hutchinson, 23–24.

[107] J.G. Black and R.H.V. Brodie, Calendar of Patent Rolls … Prepared Under the Supervision of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, Henry VII …, vol, 1 (London: H.M. Stationery office, 1914), 468.

[108] Colket, English Ancestry of Anne Marbury Hutchinson, 23–24.

[109] A History of the County of Northampton, vol. 3 (London: Victoria County History, 1930), 231–43.

[110] Colket, English Ancestry of Anne Marbury Hutchinson, 23–24.

[111] Colket, English Ancestry of Anne Marbury Hutchinson, 23–24.

[112] Craig, “Well Beloved Mother-in-Law,” 208.

[113] Colket, English Ancestry of Anne Marbury Hutchinson, 23–24.

[114] Craig, “Well Beloved Mother-in-Law,” 209, citing Public Records Office E150/572/27.

[115] Colket, English Ancestry of Anne Marbury Hutchinson, 23–24, names of daughters and their husbands.

[116] Colket, English Ancestry of Anne Marbury Hutchinson, 23–24.

[117] Colket, English Ancestry of Anne Marbury Hutchinson, 23–24.

[118] Colket, English Ancestry of Anne Marbury Hutchinson, 23–24.

[119] Colket, English Ancestry of Anne Marbury Hutchinson, 23–24.

[120] Craig, “Well Beloved Mother-in-Law,” 201, citing Public Record Office E150/551/12.

[121] Craig, “Well Beloved Mother-in-Law,” 206, first wife’s name citing John Nichols, History and Antiquities of the County of Leicestershire (London: n.p., 1800), 206.

[122] Craig, “Well Beloved Mother-in-Law,” 201, citing A.R. Madisson, ed., Lincolnshire Pedigrees 50 (London: Harleian Soc. Pubs., 1902), 29.

[123] Craig, “Well Beloved Mother-in-Law,” 201, citing C.W. Foster, Lincoln Wills, vol. 2 (Horcastle: Lincoln Rec. Soc. Pubs, 1918), 172–3.

[124] Craig, “Well Beloved Mother-in-Law,” 201.

[125] Page, Victoria History of Northampton, vol. 3, 255–62.

[126] W.H.B. Bird and K.H. Ledward, Calendar of Close Rolls, Edward IV, vol. 2, 1468-1476, (London: Her Majesty’s Stationary Office, 1953), no. 770. 

[127] Calendar of Inquisitions Post Mortem, Henry VII, vol. 1, 264–5.

[128] Calendar of Inquisitions Post Mortem, Henry VII, vol. 2, 583.

[129] Josiah Wedgewood and Anne D. Holt, History of Parliament, 1439–1509 (London, His Majesty’s Stationery Office, 1936), 219–20.

[130] Colket, English Ancestry of Anne Marbury Hutchinson, 25. Metcalfe, Visitations of Northamptonshire, 175 says he married first Barbara, the daughter of George Quales of Ufford, Northamptonshire.

[131] Metcalfe, Visitations of Northamptonshire, 15.

[132] Joseph Jackson Howard, Miscellanea Genealogica et Heraldica, vol. 4 (London: Mitchell and Hughes, 1902), 208.

[133] Testamenta Vestuta, vol. 2, 535, editor’s remark.

[134] History of Parliament, 1439–1509, 219–20.

[135] “Parishes: Wormleighton,” webpage, British History Online, https://www.british-history.ac.uk, citing “Parishes: Wormleighton,” in in L.F. Salzman, A History of the County of Warwick, vol. 5, (London: n.p., 1949), 218–44.

[136] History of Parliament, 1439–1509, 219–20.

[137] Testamenta Vestuta, vol. 2, 535.

[138] George S. Fry, Abstracts of Iquisitions Post Mortem Relating to the City of London, pt. 1 (London: London and Middlesex Archaeological Society, 1896), 28.

[139] Howard, Miscellanea Genealogica et Heraldica, vol. 4, 208.

[140] Metcalfe, Visitations of Northamptonshire, 15. “Parishes: Hodnell.”

[141] Baker, History and Antiquities of Northamptonshire, vol. 1, 109.

[142] Metcalfe, Visitations of Northamptonshire, 15.

[143] Testamenta Vestuta, vol. 2, 535, editor’s remark.

[144] Bernard Burke, A Genealogical and Heraldic Dictionary of the Peerage and Baronetage, 48th ed. (London: Harrison and Sons, 1880), 290.

[145] “Cope, John (by 1513–58), of Canons Ashby, Northants.”

[146] Bernard Burke, A Genealogical and Heraldic Dictionary of the Peerage and Baronetage, 48th ed. (London: Harrison and Sons, 1880), 290.

[147] Colket, English Ancestry of Anne Marbury Hutchinson, 26.

[148] Metcalfe, Visitations of Northamptonshire, 15.

[149] Craig, “Ralegh of Farnborough.”

[150] Craig, “Ralegh of Farnborough.”

[151] Craig, “Ralegh of Farnborough.”

[152] Craig, “Ralegh of Farnborough.”

[153] Craig, “Ralegh of Farnborough.”

[154] Colket, English Ancestry of Anne Marbury Hutchinson, 22.

[155] Colket, English Ancestry of Anne Marbury Hutchinson, 22.

[156] Lennam, “Francis Merbury,” 208.

[157] Lennam, “Francis Merbury,” 208.

[158] Lennam, “Francis Merbury,” 208.

[159] Craig, “Well Beloved Mother-in-Law,” 210, citing Northants. Wills. Vol. ! 1510–15, 210–3.

[160] Colket, English Ancestry of Anne Marbury Hutchinson, 22.

[161] Colket, English Ancestry of Anne Marbury Hutchinson, 22.

[162] Colket, English Ancestry of Anne Marbury Hutchinson, 46.

[163] Maddison, Lincolnshire Pedigrees, vol. 2, 475.

[164] Maddison, Lincolnshire Pedigrees, vol. 2, 475.

[165] Craig, “Well Beloved Mother-in-Law,” 201, citing Poole & Poole, transcribers, Chapter Library, Canterbury Cathedral, Register F, folio 261.

[166] Craig, “Well Beloved Mother-in-Law,” 201, citing Public Record Office E150/551/12.

[167] Craig, “Well Beloved Mother-in-Law,” 201, citing post mortem inquisition, Public Record Office C142/39/55.

[168] Maddison, Lincolnshire Pedigrees, vol. 1, 29.

[169] Craig, “Well Beloved Mother-in-Law,” 201, citing post mortem inquisition, Public Record Office C142/39/55. Maddison, Lincolnshire Pedigrees, vol. 1, 29 provides the date.

[170] Maddison, Lincolnshire Pedigrees, vol. 1, 29.

[171] Howard, Miscellanea Genealogica et Heraldica, vol. 4, 208.

[172] Howard, Miscellanea Genealogica et Heraldica, vol. 4, 208.

[173] Calendar of Inquisitions Post Mortem, Henry VII, vol. 2, entry 245.

[174] Metcalfe, Visitations of Northamptonshire, 175.

[175] Collin’s Peerage of England, vol. 1, 382–3.

[176] Collin’s Peerage, vol. 1, 382–3.

[177] Calendar of Inquisitions Post Mortem, Henry VII, vol. 2, entry 245.

[178] Calendar of Inquisitions Post Mortem, Henry VII, vol. 2, entry 245.

[179] Metcalfe, Visitations of Northamptonshire, 175.

[180] Metcalfe, Visitations of Northamptonshire, 15.

[181] Craig, “Ralegh of Farnborough.”

[182] Craig, “Ralegh of Farnborough.”

[183] Craig, “Ralegh of Farnborough.”

[184] Craig, “Ralegh of Farnborough.”

[185] Craig, “Ralegh of Farnborough.”

[186] Craig, “Ralegh of Farnborough.”

[187] Calendar of Inquisitions Post Mortem, Henry VII, vol. 2, 336.

[188] Leslie Stephen and Sydney Lee, Dictionary of National Biography, vol. 2 (New York: MacMillan Co., 1908), 719–20. “Blount, Thomas II (d. 1403) of Barton Blount, Dersbys,” online article, The History of Parliament, https://www.historyofparliamentonline.org, reprinted from J.S. Roskell, L. Clark and C. Rawcliffe, The History of Parliament: The House of Commons 1386–1421 (n.p., Boydell & Brewer, 1993).

[189] “Blount, Thomas II (d. 1403) of Barton Blount, Dersbys.”

[190] Stephen and Lee, Dictionary of National Biography, vol. 2, 719–20.

[191] “Blount, Thomas II (d. 1403) of Barton Blount, Dersbys.”

[192] “Blount, Thomas II (d. 1403) of Barton Blount, Dersbys.”

[193] “Blount, Thomas II (d. 1403) of Barton Blount, Dersbys.”

[194] Testamenta Vetusta 1, 334–6.

[195] Stephen and Lee, Dictionary of National Biography, vol. 2, 719–20.

[196] Stephen and Lee, Dictionary of National Biography, vol. 2, 719–20.

[197] Testamenta Vetusta 1, 334–6.

[198] Calendar of Inquisitions Post Mortem, Henry VII, vol. 2, 208.

[199] Stephen and Lee, Dictionary of National Biography, vol. 2, 719–20.

[200] Colket, English Ancestry of Anne Marbury Hutchinson, 25. Howard, Miscellanea Genealogica et Heraldica, vol. 4, 208.

[201] Howard, Miscellanea Genealogica et Heraldica, vol. 4, 208.

[202] Howard, Miscellanea Genealogica et Heraldica, vol. 4, 208.

[203] “Parishes: Spratton with Little Creaton,” webpage, British History Online, https://www.british-history.ac.uk, citing “Parishes: Spratton with Little Creaton,” in L.F. Salzman, A History of the County of Northampton, vol. Volume 4, London: n.p., 1937, 100–7.

[204] Colket, English Ancestry of Anne Marbury Hutchinson, 25.

[205] Collin’s Peerage, vol. 1, 382–3.

[206] “Parishes: Wormleighton.”

[207] Mark R. Horowitz, “Richard Empson, Minister of Henry VII,” Bulletin of the Institute of Historical Research 4 (1982), 41–91.

[208] Horowitz, “Richard Empson, Minister of Henry VII.”

[209] Horowitz, “Richard Empson, Minister of Henry VII.”

[210] Horowitz, “Richard Empson, Minister of Henry VII.”

[211] James Ross, “Contrary to the Right and to the Order of the Lawe’: New Evidence on Behalf of Dudley’s Activities on Behalf of Henry VII in 1504,” English Historical Review 127, no. 524 (2012), 24–45.

[212] Horowitz, “Richard Empson, Minister of Henry VII.”

[213] Craig, “Ralegh of Farnborough.”

[214] Craig, “Ralegh of Farnborough.”

[215] Craig, “Ralegh of Farnborough.”

[216] Craig, “Ralegh of Farnborough.”

[217] Craig, “Ralegh of Farnborough.”

[218] Craig, “Ralegh of Farnborough.”

[219] Meredith B. Colkett, Jr., “The Royal Ancestry of Anne Marbury Hutchinson and Katherine Marbury Scott,” NEHGR 123 (1969), 180–1.

[220] Craig, “Ralegh of Farnborough.”

[221] Testamenta Vetusta, vol. 1, 350.

[222] Testamenta Vetusta, vol. 1, 350.

[223] Testamenta Vetusta, vol. 1, 350.

[224] Craig, “Ralegh of Farnborough.”

[225] Testamenta Vetusta, vol. 1, 344–6.

[226] Craig, “Ralegh of Farnborough.”

[227] Stephen and Lee, Dictionary of National Biography, vol. 2, 719–20. “Blount, Sir Walter (d. 1403) of Barton Blount, Dersbys,” online article, The History of Parliament, https://www.historyofparliamentonline.org, reprinted from J.S. Roskell, L. Clark and C. Rawcliffe, The History of Parliament: The House of Commons 1386–1421, n.p., Boydell & Brewer, 1993. Colket, English Ancestry of Anne Marbury Hutchinson, 46.

[228] Stephen and Lee, Dictionary of National Biography, vol. 2, 719–20.

[229] Stephen and Lee, Dictionary of National Biography, vol. 2, 719–20. Colket, English Ancestry of Anne Marbury Hutchinson, 46.

[230] “Blount, Sir Walter (d. 1403) of Barton Blount, Dersbys.”

[231] “Blount, Sir Walter (d. 1403) of Barton Blount, Dersbys.” “Blount, John II (aft. 1345–1425) of Sodington, Worc.”

[232] Stephen and Lee, Dictionary of National Biography, vol. 2, 719–20.

[233] “Blount, Sir Walter (d. 1403) of Barton Blount, Dersbys.”

[234] Stephen and Lee, Dictionary of National Biography, vol. 2, 719–20.

[235] “Blount, Sir Walter (d. 1403) of Barton Blount, Dersbys.”

[236] Stephen and Lee, Dictionary of National Biography, vol. 2, 719–20.

[237] Stephen and Lee, Dictionary of National Biography, vol. 2, 719–20.

[238] Stephen and Lee, Dictionary of National Biography, vol. 2, 719–20.

[239] Croke, Genealogical History of the Croke Family, 121–32. The family began to drop the Norman article le sometime in the early part of fourteenth century.

[240] Croke, Genealogical History of the Croke Family, 132–5.

[241] Stephen and Lee, Dictionary of National Biography, vol. 2, 719–20. Croke, Genealogical History of the Croke Family, 136–9. Colket, English Ancestry of Anne Marbury Hutchinson, 46.

[242] “Blount, Sir Walter (d. 1403) of Barton Blount, Dersbys.”

[243] “Blount, John II (aft. 1345–1425) of Sodington, Worc.” Croke, Genealogical History of the Croke Family, 139.

[244] “Blount, John II (aft. 1345–1425) of Sodington, Worc.”

[245] John Batten, “The Barony of Beauchamp of Somerset,” Proceedings of the Somerset Archaeological and Natural History Society, vol. 36 (Taunton: T.M. Hawkins, 1891), 20–59, specifically 51. Vicary Gibbs, Complete Peerage of England, Scotland, Ireland, Great Britain and the United Kingdom, vol. 2 (London: St. Catherine Press, 1912), 50. Colket, English Ancestry of Anne Marbury Hutchinson, 47. Nathaniel L. Taylor and Todd A. Farmerie, “Notes on the Ancestry of Sancha de Ayala,” NEHGR 152 (1998), 36–48, comment, “The last [of the quarters in Walter Blount’s arms] has long been believed to represent an earlier marriage with an heiress of Beauchamp of Hache, which is definitely false.”

[246] Stephen and Lee, Dictionary of National Biography, vol. 2, 719–20. Surnames were, at the time, a relatively new concept and one could use either parent’s name. Diego Gómez did not use a surname but was sometimes referred to as de Guzmán or de Toledo. See Taylor and Farmerie, “Notes on the Ancestry of Sancha de Ayala.”

[247] Stephen and Lee, Dictionary of National Biography, vol. 2, 719–20.

[248] Taylor and Farmerie, “Notes on the Ancestry of Sancha de Ayala.”

[249] Croke, Genealogical History of the Croke Family, 174–82.

[250] Taylor and Farmerie, “Notes on the Ancestry of Sancha de Ayala.”

[251] Croke, Genealogical History of the Croke Family, 174–82.

[252] Gary Boyd Roberts, “Immigrants to New England for whom Royal Descend has been Proved, Virtually Proved, Improved or Disproved since about 1960: A Bibliography,” NEHGR 141 (1987), 93–109, specifically 101.

[253] Stephen and Lee, Dictionary of National Biography, vol. 2, 719–20. “Blount, Sir Walter (d. 1403) of Barton Blount, Dersbys.” “Blount, John II (aft. 1345–1425) of Sodington, Worc.,” online article, The History of Parliament, , reprinted from Roskell, Clark and Rawcliffe, The History of Parliament: The House of Commons 1386–1421.

[254] “Gresley, Sir Thomas (d.1445), of Colton, Staffs. and Drakelow, Derbys,” online article, The History of Parliament, https://www.historyofparliamentonline.org, reprinted from J.S. Roskell, L. Clark and C. Rawcliffe, The History of Parliament: The House of Commons 1386–1421, n.p., Boydell & Brewer, 1993.

[255] “Gresley, Sir Thomas (d.1445), of Colton, Staffs. and Drakelow, Derbys.”

[256] “Gresley, Sir Thomas (d.1445), of Colton, Staffs. and Drakelow, Derbys.”

[257] “Gresley, Sir Thomas (d.1445), of Colton, Staffs. and Drakelow, Derbys.”

[258] “Gresley, Sir Thomas (d.1445), of Colton, Staffs. and Drakelow, Derbys.”

[259] “Gresley, Sir Thomas (d.1445), of Colton, Staffs. and Drakelow, Derbys.”

[260] “Gresley, Sir Thomas (d.1445), of Colton, Staffs. and Drakelow, Derbys.”

[261] “Gresley, Sir Thomas (d.1445), of Colton, Staffs. and Drakelow, Derbys.”

[262] “Walsh, Sir Thomas (bef.1346-1397/8), of Wanlip, Leics.,” online article, The History of Parliament, https://www.historyofparliamentonline.org, reprinted from J.S. Roskell, L. Clark and C. Rawcliffe, The History of Parliament: The House of Commons 1386–1421, n.p., Boydell & Brewer, 1993.

[263] “Walsh, Sir Thomas (bef.1346-1397/8), of Wanlip, Leics.”

[264] “Walsh, Sir Thomas (bef.1346-1397/8), of Wanlip, Leics.”

[265] “Walsh, Sir Thomas (bef.1346-1397/8), of Wanlip, Leics.”

[266] “Walsh, Sir Thomas (bef.1346-1397/8), of Wanlip, Leics.”

[267] “Gresley, Sir Thomas (d.1445), of Colton, Staffs. and Drakelow, Derbys.”

[268] “Gresley, Sir Thomas (d.1445), of Colton, Staffs. and Drakelow, Derbys.” This source says Joan married Thomas Blount and Margaret marred Thomas Astley.

[269] “Gresley, Sir Thomas (d.1445), of Colton, Staffs. and Drakelow, Derbys.” This source says Joan married Thomas Blount and Margaret marred Thomas Astley.

[270] “Gresley, Sir Thomas (d.1445), of Colton, Staffs. and Drakelow, Derbys.”

[271] Colket, English Ancestry of Anne Marbury Hutchinson, 25

[272] Howard, Miscellanea Genealogica et Heraldica, vol. 4, 208.

[273] Browne Willis, The History and Antiquities of … Buckingham, … (London: printed for the author, 1755), 123.

[274] “Cope, John (d.1414), of Adstock, Bucks. and Denshanger, Northants.,” online article, The History of Parliament, reprinted from J.S. Roskell et al., The History of Parliament.

[275] “Cope, John (d.1414), of Adstock, Bucks. and Denshanger, Northants.,” online article, The History of Parliament, reprinted from J.S. Roskell et al., The History of Parliament.

[276] “Cope, John (d.1414), of Adstock, Bucks. and Denshanger, Northants.,” online article, The History of Parliament, reprinted from J.S. Roskell et al., The History of Parliament.

[277] “Cope, John (d.1414), of Adstock, Bucks. and Denshanger, Northants.,” online article, The History of Parliament, reprinted from J.S. Roskell et al., The History of Parliament.

[278] J.L. Kirby, Calendar of Inquisitions Post Mortem, vol. 18, Henry IV (London: Her Majesty’s Stationary Office, 1987), entry 373.

[279] J.L. Kirby, Calendar of Inquisitions Post Mortem, vol. 20, Henry V, entry 180.

[280] “Cope, John (d.1414), of Adstock, Bucks. and Denshanger, Northants.,” online article, The History of Parliament, reprinted from J.S. Roskell et al., The History of Parliament.

[281] Howard, Miscellanea Genealogica et Heraldica, vol. 4, 208.

[282] Howard, Miscellanea Genealogica et Heraldica, vol. 4, 208.

[283] Craig, “Ralegh of Farnborough.”

[284] Craig, “Ralegh of Farnborough.”

[285] Craig, “Ralegh of Farnborough.”

[286] Craig, “Ralegh of Farnborough.”

[287] Craig, “Ralegh of Farnborough.”

[288] Craig, “Ralegh of Farnborough.”

[289] Craig, “Ralegh of Farnborough.”

[290] A fine was a way of transferring property in medieval times. A seller and buyer would agree upon terms and then enter into a fictitious lawsuit. The seller would bring a writ saying that they had entered into an agreement and the buyer had not held up his end of the bargain. The seller (deforciant, impedient or tenant) would then acknowledge that the land was the rightful property of the buyer (plaintiff, querent or demandant). This gave the transaction the authority of a court judgement and ensured that a record would be kept.

[291] Colkett, “Royal Ancestry of Anne Marbury Hutchinson and Katherine Marbury Scott.”

[292] Craig, “Ralegh of Farnborough.”

[293] Colkett, “Royal Ancestry of Anne Marbury Hutchinson and Katherine Marbury Scott.”